Author
Hüseyin Aydogan
Publication Place
Hits University -
Hits University
Subject
Hittite Journal of Theology, 2021-06, Vol.20 (1), p.29-52
Type
Book
Language
ara,tur
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Leitir Library
Library Asset ID
EISSN: 2757-6949, DOI: 10.14395/hid.879298
Record ID
cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_b7b0fc28d0d94168b82140532d296fa7
Library Location
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Notes
Stoicism is a school of thought that has been very influential in the field of metaphysics and ethics in the history of philosophy. In terms of metaphysical views, the following can be said: The entire universe consists of two separate principles: active and passive. The passive principle is matter; The active principle is God inherent in the universe. However, it cannot be said that there is an absolute distinction between the two principles. Because God is actually conceived as an organism that is integrated with the universe and pervades it. God, being good in himself, created the universe according to goodness and purposefulness. Therefore, all elements of the universe and all beings are divinely connected to each other. Therefore, the Stoic school defended the existence of a divine power, a divine mind, that pervades the entire universe. Ethical views should also be evaluated within this framework. The principle of living in accordance with nature is designed for the purpose of being in harmony and harmony with God. Because within the teleological system in the universe, humans also have this purposefulness. For this reason, a person should see himself as a part of the whole that he cannot be separated from, and regulate his behavior accordingly. At this point, the principle of living in accordance with nature means seeing events as a kind of realization and manifestation of divine prediction. Therefore, since man cannot resist the course of the world, he must consent to it and face everything with fortitude. He must interpret what is happening in a way that will benefit him and learn from it. The divine mind or providentia that governs the universe will lead us to virtue and perfection, no matter how painful the events that happen to us are. Because the foresight in question carries out a purpose hidden from us behind these individual events. Since we cannot know the purpose of this divine mind, it is up to man to learn from them. The concept of List der Vernunft, that is, the trick of the mind, in Hegel touches upon a similar point. This concept, which the thinker especially included in his "Philosophy of History", overlaps with the word providentia, the Stoic divine mind. Hegel's universal history operates independently of individual interests and passions. This process entails a journey that will lead to the liberation of the spirit and its return to itself. However, the thinker says that world history consists of the self-disclosure of the divine mind. This opening and exposition will pass through historical stages and return to divine unity. The passion for victory and individual ambitions of historical characters are subject to conflict on the stage of history. However, the idea of universal history and divine reason keeps itself protected in the background without being harmed by this. Therefore, the particular and individual are sacrificed and sacrificed for the universal and general. At this point, the concept of divine foresight used by Hegel, that is, die Vorsehung, governs all events in history teleologically, that is, in accordance with the principle of purposefulness. The concepts of providentia in Stoic philosophy and Hegel's trick of the mind are similar in terms of the plan and intention of making the world better, more beautiful and freer in the context of divine foresight. In this study, we tried to investigate Hegel's concept of the trick of the mind in the light of the Stoic concept of providentia. In this investigation, which we limited specifically to the philosophy of history, we wanted to point out how the wars, disasters and destruction that took place on the stage of history could be legitimized according to Hegel's thought. As a criticism, we touched on Hegel's failure to see, or even ignore, the liberation efforts of the plantation slaves in Saint Domingue during his time. However, in the journey of universal history and divine reason, this movement of freedom could offer a justification and an inference in accordance with Hegel's philosophy of history. At the same time, with this criticism, we tried to establish a connection with Hegel's concept of divine foresight regarding the question of where the ransom for the current painful and destructive events in history will be paid.
Detaylı Başlık
Hegel’in ‘List der Vernunft’ Kavramının Stoacı ‘Providentia’ ile Gözden Geçirilmesi
