Author
DİNÇ, Sema, COŞGUN, Gökhan
Type
Book
Language
ara,eng,tur
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 2757-6949, EISSN: 2757-6949, DOI: 10.14395/hid.1251865
Record ID
cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_9bce3985d21348ceb76b040c0b3ece9a
Library Location
EBSCOhost Academic Search Complete
Notes
Magazines are works consisting of poems, which were called notebooks before the 15th century and later were divided into various types over the centuries. Independent magazines consisting of na't, mi'râciye, ayin, hymns and tawhids are considered among the religious types of magazines. In addition, it has been witnessed that poems with religious content were written from time to time in song magazines. It is only recently that magazines were considered as historical documents. This situation is based on many reasonable reasons considering the writing purposes of the magazines and actually suggests that it may be too late to qualify as a historical document. When considered in the context of our musical history, one of these reasons is that magazines contain works that keep the pulse of the period. However, the fact that these works were written for the palace notables is also seen as important records about the musical works performed in the Ottoman palaces. At the same time, one of the issues that reveals the importance of magazines is that they make it easier to remember long lyrics in the human memory. Although there are many hastily written magazines, there are also considerable and meticulous manuscripts written by names such as Şeyh Galib magazine. The Ritual Magazine No. AEMNZ758, which is in the Ali Emiri Collection of the National Library that we will examine, is a magazine that can be considered early for exclusive magazines, which contains 26 rituals and includes two rituals thought to be forgotten/lost, although its author is unknown. After the rituals, there is a section consisting of ten ghazals and a stanza in the magazine. 7 of the ghazals were written in Persian and 3 in Ottoman Turkish. Although the author of this magazine, which consists of 59 pages, is unknown, according to our findings, it seems likely that it was written between 1844 and 1870. It is obvious that the magazine that is the subject of our study is close to other magazines in terms of content. However, there are a few elements that make this magazine stand out when examined. The first is that its historical period coincides with the period when liturgical compositions began to become widespread, while liturgical compositions were concentrated. Another one is that it includes the lyrics of Şeydâ Hâfız Abdürrahim Dede's Hicazeyn rite, which is thought to be lost, and the lyrics of Hammâmîzâde İsmail Dede Efendi's Isfahân rite, which is thought to be forgotten. In addition, the inclusion of fret names and numerous procedural information in some rites also draw attention as elements that shed light on the compositions. In comparing the magazines, Sadettin Heper's work named Mevlevi Rituals was used and comparisons were made especially through Şeyh Galib's magazine. In the comparison, it was observed that the lyrics of many rituals were exactly the same. However, there are some conflicts in the rituals, such as changes in the name of the maqam, omissions or excesses in the lyrics, or changes in the place of the lyrics. In addition, it is thought that this magazine, in which we come across other information regarding the dating of Şeyh Nakşî Efendi's Şedarâbân Âyîn-i Şerîfi, will also give ideas to other studies with these aspects. In addition to including this information comparatively, the suitability of the changes to the lyrics was also evaluated. The differences in magazines are the subject of our study only to reveal the content of the magazines, without the aim of proving the accuracy of any of them. Perhaps two of the most important elements of the magazine are that the lyrics of the Hicazeyn and Isfahan rituals are found in this manuscript. As far as we can determine, the lyrics of the Hicazeyn ritual are a work that has rarely been found in magazines, but has not been the subject of an academic study until now. It has been determined that the ritual mentioned was added to the magazine we have later. In this study, the entire Hicâzeyn rite lyrics are included in a comparative manner from the two works, as they are also found in the rite magazine number 572 in the Rare Works Library of Istanbul University. Although it is stated that the Isfahan rite has been forgotten in many sources, it has been seen in some records as a result of recent magazine research. However, a part of this ritual was written in a short research article, and for the first time in this study, it is discussed in its entirety, including the chanting expressions. Some new uses of chanting expressions were also seen in this ritual compared to others. Considering the purposes and general characteristics of the magazines that have been waiting to be unearthed thanks to their aspects that shed light on the period, an attempt has been made to present a portrait of the period with this magazine. Mecmuas are works consisting of poems that were called notebooks before the 15th century and later divided into various types over the centuries. Na'ts, mi'raciyes, rituals, hymns and kaside can be counted among the religious types of mecmuas. In addition, it has been witnessed that religious works are written from time to time in song magazines. Considering the magazines as a historical document corresponds to a close period of time. Considering the writing purposes of the magazines, this situation is based on many plausible reasons. When considered in the context of history of Islamic music (?), one of these reasons is that the magazines contain works that take the pulse of the period. However, the fact that these works were written for the notables of the palace are also seen as important records about the musical works performed in the Ottoman palaces. At the same time, the feature of making it easier to remember the works with long lyrics in the human memory is one of the issues that reveal the importance of the magazines. Although the author of the Ayin Mecmua numbered AEMNZ758 in the Ali Emiri Collection of the Millet Library, which we will examine, is not known, it is a magazine that can be considered early for exclusive mecmuas that contain 26 rites and include two rites that are thought to be lost. However, after the rites, there is a section consisting of a speech, 10 ghazals and a stanza. 7 of the gazelles are in Persian and 3 of them are in Ottoman Turkish. Although the author of this 59-leaf journal is unknown, it seems likely that it was written between 1844 and 1870, according to our determinations. It is obvious that the journal, which is the subject of our study, is close to other journals in terms of content. However, there are a few elements that make this magazine stand out at the point of examination. The first is that its historical interval coincides with the period when ritual collections began to become widespread at a time when ritual compositions were intensified. Another is the lyrics of Şeyda Hafiz Abdürrahim Dede's Hicazeyn ritual, which is thought to be lost, and the Isfahan ritual, which is thought to be forgotten, by Hammamizade İsmail Dede Efendi. However, the fact that some rites include pitch names and a large number of metrical cycles information draws attention as elements that shed light on the compositions. Comparison of the mecmua was made from Heper's work named “Mevlevi Ayinleri”, and comparisons were made especially over Şeyh Galib's mecmua. In the comparison, it was observed that the lyrics of many rites were exactly the same. However, there are some conflicts in the rites such as the change of the name of the maqam, the lack or excess of the lyrics or the changes in the lyrics. In addition to this, it is thought that this magazine, in which we come across other information about the dating of Nakşi Efendi's Şedaraban Ayin, will also give an idea to other studies with these aspects. In addition to including this information comparatively, the suitability of the changes to the text was also evaluated. Two of the elements that make the magazine perhaps the most important are the lyrics of the Hicazeyn and Isfahan rites in this manuscript. As far as we can determine, the lyrics of the Hicazeyn ritual is a work that has rarely been found in magazines, but has not been the subject of an academic study until now. It has been determined that the aforementioned rite was added to the magazine we have later. In this study, the entire lyrics of the Hicazeyn rite are included in a comparative way from two works, as it is also found in the rite journal number 572 in the Istanbul University Rare Works Library. Although it is stated that the Isfahan ritual has been forgotten in many sources, it has been seen that it has been found in some records as a result of recent magazine research. However, a part of this rite has been written in a short research article, and for the first time in this study, it is discussed in a way that includes all of it together with the chanting expressions. Considering the aims and general characteristics of the magazines, which were waiting to be brought to light on the occasion of the aspects that shed light on the period, a portrait of a period was tried to be revealed with this magazine.
Görüntüle
Hitit İlahiyat Dergisi, 2023-06, Vol.22 (1), p.303-334
