MARACÜ'L-BAHRAIN

Name: MARACÜ'L-BAHRAIN
Author: Veysî, Üveys Çelebi, Üveys b. Mehmed (b.969/1561-d.1037/1628)

Title	MARACÜ'L-BAHRAIN
Author	Veysî, Üveys Çelebi, Üveys b. Mehmed (b.969/1561-d.1037/1628)
Publication Date:	01/09/2022
Subject	Written Literature / Divan Literature - Arabic dictionary criticism
Type	Book
Language	Arabic
Digital	No
Manuscript	No
Library:	Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works
Record ID	meracu-l-bahreyn-veysi
Date	1017/1608-1037/1628
Notes	Veysî, el-Kâmûsu'l-Muhît, author Fîrûzâbâdî (d.1414), İsmail b. An Arabic work that responds to Hammâd el-Cevheri's (d.1010) criticisms of some articles in his work called Es-Sıhâh fi'l-Luğa. The name of the work is Meracü'l-Bahrain. However, Kâtip Çelebi, while talking about the works on el-Kâmûs, says, "Ketebe el-mevlâ el-kâdî Üveys b. Mehmed el-ma'rûf bi-Veysî ecvibeten 'an-i'tirâzâtihi 'ale'l-Cevherî ve semmâhu Meracü'l-bahreyn (1971: 2/1308): Judge Üveys b. Mehmed, known as Veysî, wrote an answer to his objections to al-Cevheri and called him Maracü'l-Bahrain.” says. In later sources and catalogues, this phrase indicating the content was added to the name and became Meracü'l-Bahrain fi-Ecvibeti 'alâ-İ'tirâzâti'l-Cevherî, meaning "the meeting of two seas in response to the criticisms against al-Cevherî". There is no information that Fîrûzâbâdî wrote his criticisms as an independent work, apparently the criticisms he expressed in al-Kâmûs were later compiled by someone and turned into a treatise. The treatise in question is mentioned in the sources as İ'tirâzâtü Sâhibi'l-Kâmûs 'ale'l-Cevherî, Mecma'u's-Su'âlât min-Sıhâhi'l-Cevherî, Su'âlâtu Sâhibi'l-Kâmûs 'alâ-Mevâddin mine's-Sıhâhad (Şensoy 1995: 41; Kılıç 1996: 143). In a magazine recorded in Köprülü Library K.1571 and considered to be Veysî's script, this treatise containing Firûzabadî's criticisms is also included, before an incomplete draft copy of Maracü'l-Bahrain. The 1017/1608-1609 record at the end of this treatise suggests that Meracü'l-Bahrain started to be written in this year. However, in the copy recorded in Ragıp Pasha Library in 1415 and bearing Veysî's line, and in other copies copied from him, there is no introduction, and although some headings are written, the bottoms are left blank. This situation shows that the author's life was not enough to complete his work (Şensoy 1995: 37-38). According to Veysî's determination, Firûzâbâdî objected to al-Cevherî in 308 articles in terms of incorrect order, punctuation, spelling and meaning. Veysî answers 220 of these by bringing evidence from various sources (Şensoy 1995: 38). Headings of the articles are es-Sıhâh, el-Kâmûs etc. Following classical dictionaries, they are arranged in alphabetical order as "babs" according to the last letter of the word roots and "chapters" according to the first letters of each "bab". The work consists of 25 chapters and 145 chapters. Under the heading of the article, the author sometimes gives the views of Firûzâbâdî and then al-Cevherî, and sometimes gives the views of first al-Cevherî and then Firûzâbâdî. Then he gives his own opinions and evaluations. He uses and quotes various sources to prove his views. However, sometimes, instead of a direct quote, he gives the information in his own words and states this (Şensoy 1995: 38). The main sources that Veysî used while compiling his work were dictionaries and grammar books. Where he deems it necessary, he also refers to other sources such as literature, fiqh, hadith, tafsir and sirah. Sibeveyh (d.180/796), el-Esma'î (212/831), el-Herevi (d.224/838), ed-Dineverî (d.282/895), Ezherî (d.320/981), İbn Cinnî (d.392/1002), İbnü'l-Katta' (d.515/1121), Zemahşerî (d.538/1144), İbnü'l-esîr (d.606/1215), İbn Manzûr (d.711/1311) and es-Suyûtî (d.911/1505) are some of the scholars whose works he benefited from. Some headings were identified and an estimated gap was left to be filled in later. Veysî emphasizes that many of Firûzâbâdî's criticisms are not original, but are ideas put forward by authors who had previously written annotations, supplements and addendums to Es-Sıhâh. He states that especially es-Sâğânî's et-Tekmile ve'z-Zeyl ve's-Sılave Mecma'û'l-Bahrain and İbn Berrî's et-Tenbih ve'l-İzâh are the sources that Firûzâbâdî benefited from the most. Veysî even says that these two writers followed a more logical method in their criticism and that Firûzâbâdî was unfair to al-Cevherî by misunderstanding their point of view. Veysî always adheres to the principles of scientific ethics in his criticisms and answers, and knows how to give Firuzâbâdi his due when he is right. In addition, he includes additional information about the article under the headings "zünâbetü't-tahkîk: continuation of the examination" or "benefit: benefit" where he deems it necessary (Şensoy 1995: 39,40). There are five copies of Meracü'l-Bahrain. The copies of Köprülü Library 1571 (60 tbsp.) and Ragıp Pasha Library 1415 (142 tbsp.) are in the author's own handwriting. The Köprülü copy is the oldest and is a draft. Despite its shortcomings, the Ragıp Pasha copy is the final version of the work produced by the author. The copy recorded in Şehid Ali Pasha 313/5 was copied from the Köprülü copy, and the copies registered in Şehid Ali Pasha 2618 and Nuruosmaniye Library 4305/4868 were copied from the Ragıp Pasha copy (Şensoy 1995: 40). A master's degree study was conducted on the work. (Şensoy 1995). For the biography of the author, see “Veysi”. Turkish Literature Names Dictionary.
ISBN	978-9944-237-87-1
Madde Yazarı	Prof. Dr. Süleyman ÇALDAK
Alfabesi	Arap
Yapısı	Mensur
Niteliği	Telif
Kaynakça	Kaya, Bayram Ali (2013). Veysî.İslam Ansiklopedisi.C.43. İstanbul: TDV Yay. 76-77. Kâtip Çelebi (1971).Keşfu’z-Zunûn ‘an-Esâmi’l-Kütüb ve’l-Fünûn. C.2. İstanbul. 1308. Kılıç, Hulusi (1996). Fîrûzâbâdî.İslam Ansiklopedisi.C.13. İstanbul: TDV Yay. 142-145. Şensoy, Sedat (1995).Veysî, (Üveys b. Muhammed el-Alaşehrî) ve Eseri Merace’l-Bahreyn’in Tahkiki.Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Konya: Selçuk Üniversitesi.
Atıf Bilgileri	ÇALDAK, Süleyman. "MERACÜ'L-BAHREYN (VEYSÎ)".Türk Edebiyatı Eserler Sözlüğü,http://tees.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/meracu-l-bahreyn-veysi. [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2025].

View in source Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works

Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works

MARACÜ'L-BAHRAIN

Author Veysî, Üveys Çelebi, Üveys b. Mehmed (b.969/1561-d.1037/1628)

Publication Date 01/09/2022

Subject Written Literature / Divan Literature - Arabic dictionary criticism

Type Book

Language Arabic

Digital No

Manuscript No

Library Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works

Record ID meracu-l-bahreyn-veysi

Date 1017/1608-1037/1628

Notes Veysî, el-Kâmûsu'l-Muhît, author Fîrûzâbâdî (d.1414), İsmail b. An Arabic work that responds to Hammâd el-Cevheri's (d.1010) criticisms of some articles in his work called Es-Sıhâh fi'l-Luğa. The name of the work is Meracü'l-Bahrain. However, Kâtip Çelebi, while talking about the works on el-Kâmûs, says, "Ketebe el-mevlâ el-kâdî Üveys b. Mehmed el-ma'rûf bi-Veysî ecvibeten 'an-i'tirâzâtihi 'ale'l-Cevherî ve semmâhu Meracü'l-bahreyn (1971: 2/1308): Judge Üveys b. Mehmed, known as Veysî, wrote an answer to his objections to al-Cevheri and called him Maracü'l-Bahrain.” says. In later sources and catalogues, this phrase indicating the content was added to the name and became Meracü'l-Bahrain fi-Ecvibeti 'alâ-İ'tirâzâti'l-Cevherî, meaning "the meeting of two seas in response to the criticisms against al-Cevherî". There is no information that Fîrûzâbâdî wrote his criticisms as an independent work, apparently the criticisms he expressed in al-Kâmûs were later compiled by someone and turned into a treatise. The treatise in question is mentioned in the sources as İ'tirâzâtü Sâhibi'l-Kâmûs 'ale'l-Cevherî, Mecma'u's-Su'âlât min-Sıhâhi'l-Cevherî, Su'âlâtu Sâhibi'l-Kâmûs 'alâ-Mevâddin mine's-Sıhâhad (Şensoy 1995: 41; Kılıç 1996: 143). In a magazine recorded in Köprülü Library K.1571 and considered to be Veysî's script, this treatise containing Firûzabadî's criticisms is also included, before an incomplete draft copy of Maracü'l-Bahrain. The 1017/1608-1609 record at the end of this treatise suggests that Meracü'l-Bahrain started to be written in this year. However, in the copy recorded in Ragıp Pasha Library in 1415 and bearing Veysî's line, and in other copies copied from him, there is no introduction, and although some headings are written, the bottoms are left blank. This situation shows that the author's life was not enough to complete his work (Şensoy 1995: 37-38). According to Veysî's determination, Firûzâbâdî objected to al-Cevherî in 308 articles in terms of incorrect order, punctuation, spelling and meaning. Veysî answers 220 of these by bringing evidence from various sources (Şensoy 1995: 38). Headings of the articles are es-Sıhâh, el-Kâmûs etc. Following classical dictionaries, they are arranged in alphabetical order as "babs" according to the last letter of the word roots and "chapters" according to the first letters of each "bab". The work consists of 25 chapters and 145 chapters. Under the heading of the article, the author sometimes gives the views of Firûzâbâdî and then al-Cevherî, and sometimes gives the views of first al-Cevherî and then Firûzâbâdî. Then he gives his own opinions and evaluations. He uses and quotes various sources to prove his views. However, sometimes, instead of a direct quote, he gives the information in his own words and states this (Şensoy 1995: 38). The main sources that Veysî used while compiling his work were dictionaries and grammar books. Where he deems it necessary, he also refers to other sources such as literature, fiqh, hadith, tafsir and sirah. Sibeveyh (d.180/796), el-Esma'î (212/831), el-Herevi (d.224/838), ed-Dineverî (d.282/895), Ezherî (d.320/981), İbn Cinnî (d.392/1002), İbnü'l-Katta' (d.515/1121), Zemahşerî (d.538/1144), İbnü'l-esîr (d.606/1215), İbn Manzûr (d.711/1311) and es-Suyûtî (d.911/1505) are some of the scholars whose works he benefited from. Some headings were identified and an estimated gap was left to be filled in later. Veysî emphasizes that many of Firûzâbâdî's criticisms are not original, but are ideas put forward by authors who had previously written annotations, supplements and addendums to Es-Sıhâh. He states that especially es-Sâğânî's et-Tekmile ve'z-Zeyl ve's-Sılave Mecma'û'l-Bahrain and İbn Berrî's et-Tenbih ve'l-İzâh are the sources that Firûzâbâdî benefited from the most. Veysî even says that these two writers followed a more logical method in their criticism and that Firûzâbâdî was unfair to al-Cevherî by misunderstanding their point of view. Veysî always adheres to the principles of scientific ethics in his criticisms and answers, and knows how to give Firuzâbâdi his due when he is right. In addition, he includes additional information about the article under the headings "zünâbetü't-tahkîk: continuation of the examination" or "benefit: benefit" where he deems it necessary (Şensoy 1995: 39,40). There are five copies of Meracü'l-Bahrain. The copies of Köprülü Library 1571 (60 tbsp.) and Ragıp Pasha Library 1415 (142 tbsp.) are in the author's own handwriting. The Köprülü copy is the oldest and is a draft. Despite its shortcomings, the Ragıp Pasha copy is the final version of the work produced by the author. The copy recorded in Şehid Ali Pasha 313/5 was copied from the Köprülü copy, and the copies registered in Şehid Ali Pasha 2618 and Nuruosmaniye Library 4305/4868 were copied from the Ragıp Pasha copy (Şensoy 1995: 40). A master's degree study was conducted on the work. (Şensoy 1995). For the biography of the author, see “Veysi”. Turkish Literature Names Dictionary.

ISBN 978-9944-237-87-1

Madde Yazarı Prof. Dr. Süleyman ÇALDAK

Alfabesi Arap

Yapısı Mensur

Niteliği Telif

Kaynakça Kaya, Bayram Ali (2013). Veysî.İslam Ansiklopedisi.C.43. İstanbul: TDV Yay. 76-77. Kâtip Çelebi (1971).Keşfu’z-Zunûn ‘an-Esâmi’l-Kütüb ve’l-Fünûn. C.2. İstanbul. 1308. Kılıç, Hulusi (1996). Fîrûzâbâdî.İslam Ansiklopedisi.C.13. İstanbul: TDV Yay. 142-145. Şensoy, Sedat (1995).Veysî, (Üveys b. Muhammed el-Alaşehrî) ve Eseri Merace’l-Bahreyn’in Tahkiki.Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Konya: Selçuk Üniversitesi.

Atıf Bilgileri ÇALDAK, Süleyman. "MERACÜ'L-BAHREYN (VEYSÎ)".Türk Edebiyatı Eserler Sözlüğü,http://tees.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/meracu-l-bahreyn-veysi. [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2025].