HAYÂTÜ'L-ERVÂH AND NECÂTÜ'L-EŞBÂH (HÜDÂYÎ)

Name: HAYÂTÜ'L-ERVÂH AND NECÂTÜ'L-EŞBÂH (HÜDÂYÎ)
Author: Hüdâyi, Aziz Mahmûd (d. 948/1541 - ö. 1038/1628)

Title	HAYÂTÜ'L-ERVÂH AND NECÂTÜ'L-EŞBÂH (HÜDÂYÎ)
Author	Hüdâyi, Aziz Mahmûd (d. 948/1541 - ö. 1038/1628)
Publication Date:	06/07/2022
Subject	Written Literature / Divan Literature - Sufi ethics
Type	Book
Language	Arabic
Digital	No
Manuscript	No
Library:	Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works
Record ID	hayatu-l-ervah-ve-necatu-l-esbah-hudayi
Date	1019/1610
Notes	Hüdâyî's Arabic work of around thirty-thirty-five pages, in which he explains some truths about death and beyond. Hayâtü'l-Ervâh and Necâtü'l-Eşbâh mean "Survival of Spirits and Salvation of Corpses". The work consists of two parts with different subheadings. In the first part, it explains topics such as life, death, and the afterlife under ten headings: 1- Necessary death and man's ability and tendency towards it; The topics of preventing people from wishing for compulsory death are included. Particularly emphasizing the preparation for death, it is explained how to prepare for it without wishing for it. 2-The discord at the time of death is mentioned. It is pointed out that the devil sets traps to mislead people during death and turn them away from faith. In order to get rid of such a bad situation, the emphasis is on the suggestion of dhikr. 3- It is explained that the happy/fortunate and the unfortunate/unfortunate people live according to their situation during death. 4- Information is given about where the souls will go and where they will be found when they leave the body. The souls of believers are in the seventh heaven; It is said that the souls of the unbelievers will be found in the place called illiyyin, in the place called sijcin. It is stated that some souls will not be able to ascend to Melei A'lâ and will be kept in the grave. Information is conveyed from various people that they are in touch with the souls of some dead people. It is also emphasized that reincarnation is not permissible. 5- Information is given about those whose bodies do not rot. It is said that the prophets and saints come first and that their bodies will not disappear or even deteriorate. It is stated that other people's bodies will be eaten by the earth, except for the "acbü'z-zeneb/coccyx". 6- It is explained that when the trumpet is blown, everything on earth and in the sky will die, except what Allah wills, and when the second trumpet is blown, they will all stand up (az-Zumar 39/68). 7- Information about resurrection and the nature of the apocalypse. is given. In the light of various hadith narrations, scenes of the apocalypse are explained with quotes from scholars such as Imam Gazzali.8-Bukhari's Hz. Beginning with the hadith narrated by Aisha, information is given about the difficulty and horror of the reckoning. 9- It is explained that intercession is right and that Allah, by elevating our Prophet to Mahmud, will give him the authority to intercede for those gathered under the flag of praise. 10- The quality of seeing the beauty of Allah is summarized in chapters. In the second part, voluntary death and He explains the subject of spiritual resurrection through ten basic Sufi concepts with quotes from Abdullah Ensârî el-Herevî's work called Menâzilü's-sâirîna: 1-Tazekkür; It is explained as a situation that occurs after repentance and absolution and as a feeling above contemplation that occurs with the opening of the curtain of creation.2- Vera'; your heart; It is explained as cleansing from the dirt of sharia, sect and interest in things that are forbidden in reality.3-Muraqaba; It is defined as continuing to consider the purpose and its three levels are mentioned.4-Sidk; It is defined as the first degree after prophethood. Sincerity is the equality of visible attitudes and invisible qualities in a person. Three degrees of this are mentioned. 5-The subject of dhikr is seen as a decree of parentage and is considered as the most basic principle in the path of Allah. It is explained that the first step of dhikr is open dhikr, which is visible by obeying God's commands with the heart and praying to Him, and the second step is secret/hidden dhikr, whereby the heart can be saved from the danger of slackness and can observe God, and the third step is the unity of the zakir and the Mentioned. 6-Ihsan is defined as worshiping God as if seeing Him. It is stated that the highest degree of ihsan is the generosity of time. 7-Love is defined as preferring the true lover to the people and beings with whom one is together, and following Habib in the presence and in the unknown, as the characteristic of the servants who are loved by Allah and who also love Allah. This position is the range of the people of sulûk from being a vulgar to being a frivolity. It is said that there are three levels of love.8-Temekkün; It is the last stop on the way to stability. Three degrees are declared: the devotion of the disciple, the devotion of the devotee and the devotion of the sage.9-Ittisal; Describing the miraculous event: "Then he approached Muhammad, and then he came closer, until he was as close as two bows joined together, or even closer." This is the meaning of closeness in the verse (an-Najm, 53/8-9). There are three types of alliances: Kusûdî, Şuhûdî and Vucudî.10-Tevhîd; The servant is like a lifeless silhouette and shadow in the presence of God. It means the servant is isolated from his self among the waves of the sea of monotheism. The servant's eternal existence with God is due to the people calling him and answering this call. Three types of monotheism are mentioned: avamin, havasin, ahassu'l-havasin. After the concepts are explained, the work is completed with different advices under the headings "Advice to Believers and Disciples". The author wrote his work following Ihya's method, and included first a few verses of the Holy Quran and then a few hadiths on each subject. Among the tafsir sources, only Qurtubî's tafsir named el-Câmi' li-ahkâmi'l-Kur'âna is quoted somewhere. It is seen that the author benefited from and quoted the work of Abdullah Ensârî el-Herevi, whom he referred to as "Sheikh'ul-Islam", during the compilation of this work. Hüdâyî includes the following words in his work: "Know that the greatest of good deeds is to purify the heart from the dirt of sin by continuing to meditate. Undoubtedly, the greatest of good deeds The most beautiful and most virtuous of blessings is the inner perception of God. Avoid following the heresies and desires of your soul. How can truths and secrets be developed for those who are not distracted by vain things and certain interests? Don't let the situation of the people of falsehood deceive you. Worship your Lord until certainty (death) comes to you.' (Surat al-Hijr, 15/99) Do not leave your homes and continue in sulûq so that the secrets of dominion and dominion will be revealed to you. Be a person of service and become a sayyid so that the servants will submit to you and respect you. May the doors be opened for you." The oldest copy of Hayâtü'l-ervâh and Necâtü'l-eşbâh is the copy dated h.1019 registered in Bursa İnebey Manuscript Library - Haraççıoğlu 856/4. A master's degree study was conducted on the work by Cemal Acer at Marmara University Social Sciences Institute (Istanbul 1998). Copies are in Köprülü Ktp. Fazıl Ahmed Pasha 1583/2 (Copy: h.1021); Süleymaniye - Aşir Eph. 443/10; Sulaymaniyah - Esad Eph. 1654/2, 3533/8, 3672/8, 3789/2; Süleymaniye - Hacı Beşir Ağa 653/3; Suleymaniye - H. Mahmud Ef. 2686/1; Süleymaniye - H. Hüsnü Pasha 812/1; Suleymaniye - Ibrahim Ef. 727/2, 877/1; Süleymaniye - Lala İsmail 190/4, 207/3; Süleymaniye - Pertev Pasha 238/5, 643/3, 622/3; Süleymaniye - Şehîd Ali Pasha 1359/3; I.U. Ktp. Month. 1494, 1562/2, 2866/4, 5479; Hacı Selim Ağa - Kemankeş 196; H. Selimağa - Hüdâyî 257, 271/5 (Copied: h.1037), Bâyezid 8003/3, Veliyyüddin Efendi 1836, 1912, 1915; Amasya Provincial Public Library. 1757; Kastamonu Manuscript Library. Decree 369/14; Bursa İnebey Manuscript Ktp. Câmii Kebir (Ulucami) 1751/2, 1752. For the biography of the author, see. “Hüdâyî, Azîz Mahmûd”.Turkish Literature Names Dictionary.
ISBN	978-9944-237-87-1
Madde Yazarı	Prof. Dr. Hasan Kamil YILMAZ
Alfabesi	Arap
Yapısı	Mensur
Niteliği	Telif
Kaynakça	Acer, Cemal (1988).Aziz Mahmud Hüdayi'nin "Hayatü'l-ervah ve Necatü'l eşbah" Adlı Eserinin Tahkik, Tahric, Terceme ve Tahlili.Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Acer, Cemal (2005). "Azîz Mahmud Hüdâyî’nin Hayâtü’l-Ervâh ve Necâtü’l-Eşbâh Adlı Eserinin Değerlendirilmesi".Üsküdar Sempozyumu III: Azîz Mahmud Hüdâyî Uluslararası Sempozyum Bildirileri, C. I. 311-320. Ertan, Mehmet Emin (2001).Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyi. İstanbul: Şule Yayınları. Şenocak, Kemaleddin (1970).Kutb-ul Ârifîn Seyyid Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyî (k.s) Hayatı-Menakıbı-Eserleri. İstanbul: İslam Neşriyatı. Tezeren, Ziver (1984).Seyyid Azîz Mahmûd Hüdâyî Hayâtı, Şahsiyeti, Tarîkatı ve Eserleri. İstanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi. Yılmaz, Hasan Kamil (1991). “Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyî”.İslam Ansiklopedisi.C.4. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları. 338-340. Yılmaz, Hasan Kamil (2007).Azîz Mahmûd Hüdâyî Hayatı- Eserleri- Tarîkati.İstanbul: Erkam Yayınları. Yılmaz, Hasan Kamil (2016).Azîz Mahmûd Hüdâyî. Ankara: DİB Yayınları.
Atıf Bilgileri	YILMAZ, Hasan Kamil. "HAYÂTÜ’L-ERVÂH VE NECÂTÜ’L-EŞBÂH (HÜDÂYÎ)".Türk Edebiyatı Eserler Sözlüğü,http://tees.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/hayatu-l-ervah-ve-necatu-l-esbah-hudayi. [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2025].

View in source Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works

Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works

HAYÂTÜ'L-ERVÂH AND NECÂTÜ'L-EŞBÂH (HÜDÂYÎ)

Author Hüdâyi, Aziz Mahmûd (d. 948/1541 - ö. 1038/1628)

Publication Date 06/07/2022

Subject Written Literature / Divan Literature - Sufi ethics

Type Book

Language Arabic

Digital No

Manuscript No

Library Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works

Record ID hayatu-l-ervah-ve-necatu-l-esbah-hudayi

Date 1019/1610

Notes Hüdâyî's Arabic work of around thirty-thirty-five pages, in which he explains some truths about death and beyond. Hayâtü'l-Ervâh and Necâtü'l-Eşbâh mean "Survival of Spirits and Salvation of Corpses". The work consists of two parts with different subheadings. In the first part, it explains topics such as life, death, and the afterlife under ten headings: 1- Necessary death and man's ability and tendency towards it; The topics of preventing people from wishing for compulsory death are included. Particularly emphasizing the preparation for death, it is explained how to prepare for it without wishing for it. 2-The discord at the time of death is mentioned. It is pointed out that the devil sets traps to mislead people during death and turn them away from faith. In order to get rid of such a bad situation, the emphasis is on the suggestion of dhikr. 3- It is explained that the happy/fortunate and the unfortunate/unfortunate people live according to their situation during death. 4- Information is given about where the souls will go and where they will be found when they leave the body. The souls of believers are in the seventh heaven; It is said that the souls of the unbelievers will be found in the place called illiyyin, in the place called sijcin. It is stated that some souls will not be able to ascend to Melei A'lâ and will be kept in the grave. Information is conveyed from various people that they are in touch with the souls of some dead people. It is also emphasized that reincarnation is not permissible. 5- Information is given about those whose bodies do not rot. It is said that the prophets and saints come first and that their bodies will not disappear or even deteriorate. It is stated that other people's bodies will be eaten by the earth, except for the "acbü'z-zeneb/coccyx". 6- It is explained that when the trumpet is blown, everything on earth and in the sky will die, except what Allah wills, and when the second trumpet is blown, they will all stand up (az-Zumar 39/68). 7- Information about resurrection and the nature of the apocalypse. is given. In the light of various hadith narrations, scenes of the apocalypse are explained with quotes from scholars such as Imam Gazzali.8-Bukhari's Hz. Beginning with the hadith narrated by Aisha, information is given about the difficulty and horror of the reckoning. 9- It is explained that intercession is right and that Allah, by elevating our Prophet to Mahmud, will give him the authority to intercede for those gathered under the flag of praise. 10- The quality of seeing the beauty of Allah is summarized in chapters. In the second part, voluntary death and He explains the subject of spiritual resurrection through ten basic Sufi concepts with quotes from Abdullah Ensârî el-Herevî's work called Menâzilü's-sâirîna: 1-Tazekkür; It is explained as a situation that occurs after repentance and absolution and as a feeling above contemplation that occurs with the opening of the curtain of creation.2- Vera'; your heart; It is explained as cleansing from the dirt of sharia, sect and interest in things that are forbidden in reality.3-Muraqaba; It is defined as continuing to consider the purpose and its three levels are mentioned.4-Sidk; It is defined as the first degree after prophethood. Sincerity is the equality of visible attitudes and invisible qualities in a person. Three degrees of this are mentioned. 5-The subject of dhikr is seen as a decree of parentage and is considered as the most basic principle in the path of Allah. It is explained that the first step of dhikr is open dhikr, which is visible by obeying God's commands with the heart and praying to Him, and the second step is secret/hidden dhikr, whereby the heart can be saved from the danger of slackness and can observe God, and the third step is the unity of the zakir and the Mentioned. 6-Ihsan is defined as worshiping God as if seeing Him. It is stated that the highest degree of ihsan is the generosity of time. 7-Love is defined as preferring the true lover to the people and beings with whom one is together, and following Habib in the presence and in the unknown, as the characteristic of the servants who are loved by Allah and who also love Allah. This position is the range of the people of sulûk from being a vulgar to being a frivolity. It is said that there are three levels of love.8-Temekkün; It is the last stop on the way to stability. Three degrees are declared: the devotion of the disciple, the devotion of the devotee and the devotion of the sage.9-Ittisal; Describing the miraculous event: "Then he approached Muhammad, and then he came closer, until he was as close as two bows joined together, or even closer." This is the meaning of closeness in the verse (an-Najm, 53/8-9). There are three types of alliances: Kusûdî, Şuhûdî and Vucudî.10-Tevhîd; The servant is like a lifeless silhouette and shadow in the presence of God. It means the servant is isolated from his self among the waves of the sea of monotheism. The servant's eternal existence with God is due to the people calling him and answering this call. Three types of monotheism are mentioned: avamin, havasin, ahassu'l-havasin. After the concepts are explained, the work is completed with different advices under the headings "Advice to Believers and Disciples". The author wrote his work following Ihya's method, and included first a few verses of the Holy Quran and then a few hadiths on each subject. Among the tafsir sources, only Qurtubî's tafsir named el-Câmi' li-ahkâmi'l-Kur'âna is quoted somewhere. It is seen that the author benefited from and quoted the work of Abdullah Ensârî el-Herevi, whom he referred to as "Sheikh'ul-Islam", during the compilation of this work. Hüdâyî includes the following words in his work: "Know that the greatest of good deeds is to purify the heart from the dirt of sin by continuing to meditate. Undoubtedly, the greatest of good deeds The most beautiful and most virtuous of blessings is the inner perception of God. Avoid following the heresies and desires of your soul. How can truths and secrets be developed for those who are not distracted by vain things and certain interests? Don't let the situation of the people of falsehood deceive you. Worship your Lord until certainty (death) comes to you.' (Surat al-Hijr, 15/99) Do not leave your homes and continue in sulûq so that the secrets of dominion and dominion will be revealed to you. Be a person of service and become a sayyid so that the servants will submit to you and respect you. May the doors be opened for you." The oldest copy of Hayâtü'l-ervâh and Necâtü'l-eşbâh is the copy dated h.1019 registered in Bursa İnebey Manuscript Library - Haraççıoğlu 856/4. A master's degree study was conducted on the work by Cemal Acer at Marmara University Social Sciences Institute (Istanbul 1998). Copies are in Köprülü Ktp. Fazıl Ahmed Pasha 1583/2 (Copy: h.1021); Süleymaniye - Aşir Eph. 443/10; Sulaymaniyah - Esad Eph. 1654/2, 3533/8, 3672/8, 3789/2; Süleymaniye - Hacı Beşir Ağa 653/3; Suleymaniye - H. Mahmud Ef. 2686/1; Süleymaniye - H. Hüsnü Pasha 812/1; Suleymaniye - Ibrahim Ef. 727/2, 877/1; Süleymaniye - Lala İsmail 190/4, 207/3; Süleymaniye - Pertev Pasha 238/5, 643/3, 622/3; Süleymaniye - Şehîd Ali Pasha 1359/3; I.U. Ktp. Month. 1494, 1562/2, 2866/4, 5479; Hacı Selim Ağa - Kemankeş 196; H. Selimağa - Hüdâyî 257, 271/5 (Copied: h.1037), Bâyezid 8003/3, Veliyyüddin Efendi 1836, 1912, 1915; Amasya Provincial Public Library. 1757; Kastamonu Manuscript Library. Decree 369/14; Bursa İnebey Manuscript Ktp. Câmii Kebir (Ulucami) 1751/2, 1752. For the biography of the author, see. “Hüdâyî, Azîz Mahmûd”.Turkish Literature Names Dictionary.

ISBN 978-9944-237-87-1

Madde Yazarı Prof. Dr. Hasan Kamil YILMAZ

Alfabesi Arap

Yapısı Mensur

Niteliği Telif

Kaynakça Acer, Cemal (1988).Aziz Mahmud Hüdayi'nin "Hayatü'l-ervah ve Necatü'l eşbah" Adlı Eserinin Tahkik, Tahric, Terceme ve Tahlili.Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Acer, Cemal (2005). "Azîz Mahmud Hüdâyî’nin Hayâtü’l-Ervâh ve Necâtü’l-Eşbâh Adlı Eserinin Değerlendirilmesi".Üsküdar Sempozyumu III: Azîz Mahmud Hüdâyî Uluslararası Sempozyum Bildirileri, C. I. 311-320. Ertan, Mehmet Emin (2001).Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyi. İstanbul: Şule Yayınları. Şenocak, Kemaleddin (1970).Kutb-ul Ârifîn Seyyid Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyî (k.s) Hayatı-Menakıbı-Eserleri. İstanbul: İslam Neşriyatı. Tezeren, Ziver (1984).Seyyid Azîz Mahmûd Hüdâyî Hayâtı, Şahsiyeti, Tarîkatı ve Eserleri. İstanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi. Yılmaz, Hasan Kamil (1991). “Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyî”.İslam Ansiklopedisi.C.4. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları. 338-340. Yılmaz, Hasan Kamil (2007).Azîz Mahmûd Hüdâyî Hayatı- Eserleri- Tarîkati.İstanbul: Erkam Yayınları. Yılmaz, Hasan Kamil (2016).Azîz Mahmûd Hüdâyî. Ankara: DİB Yayınları.

Atıf Bilgileri YILMAZ, Hasan Kamil. "HAYÂTÜ’L-ERVÂH VE NECÂTÜ’L-EŞBÂH (HÜDÂYÎ)".Türk Edebiyatı Eserler Sözlüğü,http://tees.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/hayatu-l-ervah-ve-necatu-l-esbah-hudayi. [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2025].