Author
Baba Ni‘metullah b. Mahmûd en-Nahcuvánî (d. ?/? - ö. 920/1514)
Publication Date
30/01/2022
Subject
Tekke Literature - Sufi commentary
Type
Book
Language
Arabic
Digital
No
Manuscript
No
Library
Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works
Record ID
el-fevatihu-l-ilahiyye-ve-l-mefatihu-l-gaybiyye-el-mudihatu-li-l-kur-aniyye-ve-l-hikemi-l-furkaniyye
Date
902/1496
Notes
Arabic commentary written by Bâbâ Ni'metullâh-i Nahcuvânî in line with Sufi principles. The work was completed in Tabriz in 902/1496 and consists of two volumes. In the introduction of the work, the unity of existence, the paths of travel and the unity of shuhud were mentioned, and then all the verses of the Quran were interpreted. The author wrote this work, which is the first Sufi commentary in which all the verses of the Quran are interpreted, without resorting to any commentary. The author started each sura with an introduction appropriate to its content and ended it with an epilogue containing the lesson to be learned from the verses contained in each sura. Since the surahs contain different topics, the introduction and conclusion of each sura are different from the others. In the work, both exoteric and mystical exegetical tendencies were followed, the theory of continuous unity of existence was treated, and narration and insightful exegetical examples were given little place. In the work, which is selected from beginning to end, the author interpreted the verses with short words and sentences, used footnotes on some pages, interpreted the basmala at the beginning of the surahs in accordance with the introduction of that surah, and interpreted the work with the words of the Quran, hadith and companions. In this work, as in all his works, the author did not neglect to deal with subjects such as unity of existence, God's essence, attributes, actions, God-man, God-universe relationship. In the work, which contains examples of exoteric, ishari-Sufi and theoretical-Sufi exegesis, the author declared that he adopted the ishari exegesis method and that the work should be viewed as a lesson, a lesson, a discovery and a revelation. By interpreting each verse separately, Nahcuvani differed from the Sufis before him, who focused on some words or general meanings of the verses. The work is written in a simple, fluent and understandable style and does not go into many details. Examples in terms of sarf-syntax are given little place, simile, attribution, seci and pun literary arts are touched upon, and fiqh subjects are not included. In the work, where Sufi concepts such as repentance, seclusion, fear, taqwa, tawakkul, tafviz, hulk, gratitude, patience, consent, dhikr, wisdom, guardianship, existence and necessary existence, fana-beka, tawhid are mentioned, the difficulties in the Quran are fully explained by the oaths, examples and language rules. Not mentioning it is considered a deficiency. II of the work. The author's copy of the volume dated 901/1495 is in the Topkapı Palace Museum Library (III. Ahmed, no. 61). The first volume of the work consists of 579 pages and the second volume consists of 540 pages. This work, also known as Tefsîru Nî'methyllâh, was published in Istanbul in 1326 in two volumes. On the mentioned work, a master's degree thesis was prepared by Ramazan Bayhan (1997) and a doctoral thesis was prepared by Yaşar Kurt (1998). For the biography of the poet, see. “Baba Nimetullah, Nimetullah Nahcıvanî”.Turkish Literature Names Dictionary.
ISBN
978-9944-237-87-1
Madde Yazarı
Doç. Dr. Çetin Kaska
Alfabesi
Arap
Yapısı
Mensur
Niteliği
Tercüme
Kaynakça
Bayhan, Ramazan (1997).Ni`metullah b. Mahmut Nahcivani ve "el-Fevatihu`l-İlahiyye ve`l-Mefatihu`l-Gaybiyye" Adlı Eserinin Tahlili.Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kayseri: Erciyes Üniversitesi.
Fîrûz Merdânî (1397). “Mu’arrifî-i Şeyh Bâbâ-i Nahcivânî ve Berresî-i ‘anâsır-i Sebkî ve Muhtevâî-i Nüsha-i Hettî-i Şerh-i Gülşen-i Râz-i Vey”, Neşriyye-i Nesr-i Pejûhî-i Edeb-i Fârsî, 43/21, s.155-175.
Kurt, Yaşar (1998).Nahcuvanî ve Tasavvufi Tefsiri. Doktora Tezi. Samsun: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi.
Kurt, Yaşar (2013). “Nimetullah bin Mahmud”,İslam Ansiklopedisi. C.33. İstanbul: TDV Yay. 132-133.
Atıf Bilgileri
Kaska, Çetin. "EL-FEVÂTİHU'L-İLÂHİYYE VE'L-MEFÂTÎHU'L-GAYBİYYE EL-MÛDIHATÜ Lİ'L-KUR'ÂNİYYE VE'L-HİKEMİ'L-FURKÂNİYYE (BABA Nİ'METULLÂH)".Türk Edebiyatı Eserler Sözlüğü,http://tees.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/el-fevatihu-l-ilahiyye-ve-l-mefatihu-l-gaybiyye-el-mudihatu-li-l-kur-aniyye-ve-l-hikemi-l-furkaniyye. [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2025].
