Author
Ali Shir Nevâyi/Nevâî, Fâni (d. 17 Ramazan 844/9 Şubat 1441 - ö. 12 Jamâziyelâhir 906/3 Ocak 1501)
Publication Date
01/08/2021
Subject
Written Literature / Divan Literature - poems
Type
Book
Language
Persian
Digital
No
Manuscript
No
Library
Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works
Record ID
divan-i-farisi-fani-ali-sir-nevayi
Date
?
Notes
It is the work of Emîr Nizâmeddîn Alî Şîr Nevâyî, written upon the request of Abdurrahmân-ı Câmî (d.898/1492) and the order of Hüseyin Baykara (d.911/1506). There are three copies of Persian Dîvân. The museum copy is the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum copy numbered 1952. The end of the preface and the beginning of the first ode are missing and there are three miniatures. It is written in ta'lik script, but the date and place of writing are not specified. Nuruosmaniye copy is registered in Nuruosmaniye library, number 3850. (Levend 1966:10) It was copied by Kemal İbn Mahmûd Taberî in 999/1590. The Süleymaniye copy is registered at Süleymaniye Library Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha, number 632. The copyist and copying record are not known. The first edition of Dîvân was published by Rukneddîn Humâyûnferruh in Tehran in 1342/1924 under the name Dîvân-ı Emîr Nizâmeddîn AlîŞîr Nevâyî, and the second edition was published in 1375/1956. In this work, there is an ode called Tuhfetü'l-efkâr. This ode is a verse that Nevâyî wrote for Emir Hüsrev-i Dihlevî's Bahru'l-ebrâr and Câmî's Lüccetü'l-esrâr kasides. The number of odes in the Dîvân copies is six. According to the publication of Humâyûnferruh, Dîvân consists of 485 ghazals, 1 müseddes, 1 elegy, 32 stanzas, 59 rubais, 10 dates and 16 enigmas. One of the ghazals has 2 couplets, 5 of them have 5 couplets, 46 of them have 6 couplets, 253 of them have 7 couplets, 27 of them have 8 couplets, 139 of them have 9 couplets, 4 of them have 10 couplets and the other 10 have 11 couplets. Two types of ghazals attract attention in the Divan. The first of these is the "tetebbuî" ghazals, which constitute an important part of the Divan. These poems are ghazals that Nevâyî wrote by taking the poets as an example and using their meter and rhymes. In Tetebbuî ghazals, Nevâyî, Sadî-i Şîrâzî (d. 691/1291), Emîr Husrev-i Dihlevî (d.725/1325), Hasan Dihlevi (d. 777/1375), Hâfız-i Şîrâzî (d. 791/1388), He took poets such as Kemâl-i Hocendî, (d. 803/1400), Mevlânâ Kâtibi (d. 839/1435), Selman-i Sâvecî (d. 887/1482), Abdurrahmân-i Câmî, Sultan Hüseyin Baykara as examples and wrote his verses in their style. According to Dîvân Nevâyî, 25 ghazals from Sa'dî-yi Şîrâzî, 33 ghazals from Emir Husrev-i Dihlevî, 2 ghazals from Hasan Dihlevî, 5 ghazals from Kemâl-i Hocendî, 1 ghazal from Mevlânâ Kâtibi, 1 ghazal from Selmân-i Sâvecî He composed 2 ghazals, 39 ghazals by Abdurrahmân-i Câmî and 2 ghazals by Sultan Hüseyin Baykara. The poet that Nevâyî was most influenced by was Hâfız-ı Şirâzî, because he wrote 231 of the 485 ghazals in Dîvân in Hâfız's style and referred to him as "the ghazal poet who gives peace to the world". At the top of these ghazals in Dîvân are "Tetebbu'-i Hâce Hâfız", "Tetebbu'-i There are titles such as “Emîr” and “Tetebbu‘-i Mahdûmî-i Câmî”. From these headings, it is understood who the minister spoke about. Titles such as “Tetebbu‘-i Emîr Husrev der Tavr-ı Hâce Hâfız”, “Der Tavr-ı Şeyh Kemâl”, “Der Tavr-ı Şeyh” show the ghazals he sang in the style of the poets he loved or admired. The second type of ghazals are; These are ghazals called "ihtirâî", written by the poet in his own taste and original style. These ghazals have the titles "muhteri'" or "ihtira'" at the beginning. There are also ghazals in the Divan that are not known to whom they were written. These are under titles such as "Tetebbu'-i Ba'zî ez-Zurefâ-yi Zemân", "Tetebbu'-i Ba'zî-i Yârân". In addition to Nevâyî's wise and advice ghazals, there are also his love ghazals. While these ghazals sometimes express love and its effects, they sometimes express the troubles and sorrows experienced on the path of love with a beautiful expression. In his poems, Nevâyî talks about the lover and his elements of beauty with endless devotion and loyalty to the beloved. His ghazal praising Hüseyin Baykara is also noteworthy. (Humâyûnferruh 1924: 261). The ghazals begin with munacât, hamd and na't, and Nevâyî uses the pseudonym Fânî in his verses. As can be understood from its form and title, Nevâyî, by order of the ruler, compensates for a ghazal with "kashkî" rhyme of Câmî and composes Sultan Hüseyin Baykara in the tesdî. The poem of the Dîvân, written in a single clause form, is an elegy with the title "Mersiye-i Hazret-i Mahdum Nûren, Lillâhi Merkadehu", written by Nevâyî to express his sadness over the death of Abdurrahmân-i Câmî, whom he took as an example and respected. The stanzas in the Dîvân are three or five couplets. Although it was written on a wide variety of subjects, it can be seen that moral values are praised in many continents. Nevâyî's rubais show erifâne and sufian characteristics. The rubas mentioned in Câmî's Baharistan and Nevâyî's Muhâkemetü'l-Lügateyn are not found in Dîvân. In the History section, there are poems written by Nevâyî on the death of some of his close friends and companions. Seven of these poems consist of 2 couplets, one of them has 3 couplets, and two of them have 5 couplets. In the Dîvân, there are also enigmas and couplets addressed to various names. In general, Nevâyî wrote 190 poems in the remel bahri, 107 in the müctes bahri, 97 in the hezec bahri, 67 in the muzari' bahri, 13 in the recez bahri, 5 in the mütekârib bahri, 4 in the münserih bahri, 2 in the light bahri. Many studies have been done about Alî ŞîrNevâyî. On his Persian Divan, A. Hilal Kalkandelen's doctoral thesis titled "Examination of Ali Şîr Nevâyî and his Persian Divan in Terms of Content" (2004) and Alican Güzel's master's thesis titled "Comparison of the Rubâis in Ali Şîr Nevâyî's Persian Divan and his Divan named Garâibü's-Sıgar" (2021). For the poet's biography, see. “Alî Şîr Nevâyî/Nevâî, Fânî”.Turkish Literature Names Dictionary.
ISBN
978-9944-237-87-1
Madde Yazarı
Doç. Dr. Ayşe Hilal Kalkandelen
Alfabesi
Arap
Yapısı
Manzum
Niteliği
Telif
Kaynakça
Güzel, Alican (2021).Alî Şîr Nevâyî’nin Farsça Divan’ında ve Garâibü’s-Sıgar Adlı Divanında Bulunan Rubâilerinin Mukayesesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Denizli: Pamukkale Üniversitesi.
Hodâyâr, İbrâhim, (2002). “Emîr Alî Şîr Nevâyî’nin Fânî Divanındaki Farsça Gazelleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”. (çev. Derya Örs).Nâme-i Âşinâ,(I): 59-67.
Humayunferruh, Rukneddin (1924).Dîvân-ı Emîr Nizâmeddîn Ali Şîr Nevâî. Tahran: İntişârât-i Kitâb-hâne-i İbn Sînâ.
Kalkandelen, A. Hilal (2004).Alî Şîr Nevâyî ve Farsça Divanının İçerik Açısından İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi.
Kalkandelen, A. Hilal (2018).Alî Şîr Nevâyî ve Farsça Şiirleri. Ankara: Araştırma Yay.
Kartal, Ahmet (2003). “Alî Şîr Nevâî’nin Farsça Şiirleri”.Bilig, (26): 147-180.
Levend, Agâh Sırrı (1966).Alî Şîr Nevâyî. Ankara: TDK Yay.
Atıf Bilgileri
Kalkandelen, Ayşe Hilal. "DÎVÂN-I FÂRİSÎ (FÂNÎ)".Türk Edebiyatı Eserler Sözlüğü,http://tees.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/divan-i-farisi-fani-ali-sir-nevayi. [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2025].
