Author
Mollâ Gürâni, Shamseddin Ahmed (d. 813/1410 - died 893/1488)
Publication Date
07/11/2021
Subject
Written Literature / Divan Literature - ode commentary
Type
Book
Language
Arabic
Digital
No
Manuscript
No
Library
Dictionary of Turkish Literature Works
Record ID
levami-u-l-gurer-serhu-fera-idi-d-durer-molla-gurani
Date
884/1479-80
Notes
Molla Gurani's Arabic commentary on the ode of Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Sa'id bin Imran al-Shar'abi al-Yemeni (d. 1435-36?) on the science of recitation. It is wrong that the ode poet's name is given as "Fadl" at the beginning (Ünal 2014) and his nisbe is given as "al-Yümnî" (Göksu 2007: 34; Ünal 2014). Ahmedel-Yemenî, which is called Kırâ'at-ı selâse (three ways of reading the Quran) and Ebû Ca'fer el-Kârî (d. 747-48), Ya‘kûb al-Hadramî (d. 821), Halef b. Ferâi'dü'd-Düreradlı wrote an ode about the method established by the recitation scholars named Hişâm el-Bezzâr (d. 844). The ode, which consists of 371 couplets, rhymes with elif and is in the meter of bahr-i tavîlinfe'ûlün mefâ'îlün fe'ûlün mefâ'îlün. This ode is a continuation of the ode of the recitation scholar Şâtıbî (d. 1194), which consists of 1173 couplets called Hırzü'l-Emânî and Vechü't-Tehânî, known as "Şâtıbiyye", in which he explains the seven recitation procedures, and is written in the same meter and rhyme (el-Kassâmî 2009: 17-19; Çollak 2010: 38/377; el-Ubeydi and Sâlim 2017: 89).Seven recitation procedures are explained in Şâtıbiyye. El-Yemeni also mentioned three recitation methods as a continuation of this in his ode - mentioning other methods from time to time. Molla Gürani annotated the first 368 couplets of the Ferâidü'd-Düreradlı ode. In the introduction to the commentary, it is stated that the name of the ode is Ferâi'dü'd-Dürer and the name of the commentary is Levâmi'u'l-Gurer. The commentary became famous under the name Levâmi'u'l-Gurer Şerhu Ferâ'idi'd-Düre (el-Kassâmî 2009: 87-88). Göksu and Ünal stated that Mollâ Gürânî's commentary was presented to Yıldırım Bâyezîd. Considering that Yıldırım Bâyezîd died in 805/1403 and Gürânî was born in 813/1410, this information is not correct. It can be thought that this mistake is caused by the word "Osman" in the expression "es-Sultân ibnü's-Sultân Bâyezîd bin Mehemmed bin Osmân" in the annotation and preface of the commentary (Mollâ Gürânî 47/1: 2a). However, Yıldırım Bayezid's father is not "Osman" but "Murad I". Therefore, the word "Osman" was either used to express the family, or there was no need to write the names of other sultans in between. The copy of the commentary in the Süleymaniye Library, which was completed on 17 Muharram 884/10 April 1479 according to the ferağ record (Mollâ Gürânî 47/1: 93a), is located on pages 1b-93a of the book written in naskh calligraphy, which contains two works of the author in total. Ferâidü'd-Dürer is distinguished by both the beauty of his style and the ease of memorization. It gained fame thanks to its quality and was appreciated by recitation scholars due to the reliability of the information it contained. Considering its importance, Molla Gurani also briefly commented on the work in Arabic. In his commentary, he took the opinions of the three recitation imams and enriched his narrative with poetry examples. Molla Gurani; While creating the work, he also benefited from the works of great scholars such as Sîbeveyhî (d. 796), Ferrâ (d. 822), İmâm Ja'berî (d. 1332), İbnü'l-Cezerî (d. 1429) (el-Ubeydi and Sâlim 2017: 89-90; el-Kassâmî 2009: 20).Mollâ Gürânî annotated the ode, sometimes in couplets and sometimes in two couplets, in a way that expresses only the purpose and explains the subject without much detail. Gürani said in the introduction of the work, "Whoever memorizes this poem and learns its commentary will have sufficient knowledge about recitation." says (el-Kassâmî 2009: 215-218). Based on both the copies in libraries and the works written on the subject, it can be said that both the poem and Molla Gürani's commentary are read with pleasure and that it is one of the important sources used on the science of recitation. The work was prepared based on two copies registered in the Medina Sheikh al-Islam Arif Hikmet Bey Library, number 68, and the Süleymaniye Library, Süleymaniye (Mosque) Section, number 47/1. published (el-Kassâmî2009). The copy in the Sheikh al-Islam Arif Hikmet Bey Library is valuable because it was copied by Mehemmed Alî, Mollâ Gürânî's student, before the death of the author in 892/1487 (al-Kassâmî 2009: 165-168). For the author's biography, see. “MollâGürânî, Şemseddîn Ahmed”.Turkish Literature Names Dictionary.
ISBN
978-9944-237-87-1
Madde Yazarı
Prof. Dr. Fatma Sabiha Kutlar Oğuz Doç. Dr. Bünyamin Ayçiçeği
Alfabesi
Arap
Yapısı
Mensur
Niteliği
Telif
Kaynakça
Çollak, Fatih (2010). "eş-Şâtıbiyye".İslâm Ansiklopedisi. C. 38. İstanbul: TDV Yay. 377- 379.
Göksu, Mehmet Mustafa (2007).Molla Gürânî'nin Gâyetu'l-Emânî İsimli Tefsirinin Edisyon Kritiği (Necm - Nâs Sûreleri Arası). Doktora Tezi. Sakarya: Sakarya Üniversitesi.
el-Kassâmî, Nâsır b. Suûd b. Hammûd (hzl.) (2009).Levâmi'ü’l-Gurer Şerhu Ferâ'idi’d-Dürer. 2 C. Riyâd: Mektebetü’r-Rüşd.
Mollâ Gürânî.Levâmi'u'l-Gurer Şerhu Ferâ'idi'd-Dürer. Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi, Süleymaniye (Camii) Bölümü. Nu. 47/1. vr. 1b-93a.
el-Ubeydî, Sâlih Ferhân ve S. H. Sâlim (2017). "Mukaddimetü Tetitmmeti'l-Me'ânî ve Tekmiletü'l-Mesânî fi'l-Kırâ'ati's-Seb'i'l-Avâlî ve's-Selâsi'd-Düreri'l-Gavâlî".Mecelletü Câmi'ati'l-Enbâri li'l-Ulûmi'l-İslâmiyyeti, 8 (30): 79-122.
Ünal, Mehmet (2014). "“Molla Gürânî, Şemseddîn Ahmed".Türk Edebiyatı İsimler Sözlüğü.ttp://teis.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/molla-gurani-semseddin-ahmed[Erişim tarihi: 20.10.2021]
Yaşaroğlu, M. Kâmil (2005). “Molla Gürânî”.İslâm Ansiklopedisi. C. 30. İstanbul: TDV Yay. 248-250.
Atıf Bilgileri
Kutlar Oğuz, Fatma Sabihave Bünyamin Ayçiçeği. "LEVÂMİ'U'L-GURER ŞERHU FERÂ'İDİ'D-DÜRER (MOLLÂ GÜRÂNÎ)".Türk Edebiyatı Eserler Sözlüğü,http://tees.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/levami-u-l-gurer-serhu-fera-idi-d-durer-molla-gurani. [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2025].
