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Pen box (qalamdan)

عنوان	Pen box (qalamdan)
تاریخ انتشار:	1800
محل انتشار	Iran (made) Isfahan (made) -
موضوع	Lacquerware
نوع	دیگر
زبان	نامشخص
دیجیتال	بله
نسخه خطی	خیر
ابعاد فیزیکی	Length: 23.3 cm, Width: 3.6 cm
کتابخانه:	Victoria and Albert Museum
شناسه دارایی کتابخانه	765:1-1876
شماره ثبت	765:1-1876
محل کتابخانه	Middle East Section
تاریخ	1800
یادداشت‌ها	The primary function of a pen box (qalamdan) was as a writing implement - made of papier mache, wood or other materials, including precious metals â intended to hold a number of tools associated with the art and act of writing, including reed pens, an inkwell, liqah (a cotton wool substance used to absorb excess ink), a penknife, a qatâzan (a flat resting board made of horn), a whetstone, a small spoon, and a pair of scissors. These accessories were considered essential elements for a scribe. The box that kept these elements was deemed, by association, as important as the person who handled its contents, with the quality of the boxâs decoration directly reflecting the status of the scribe or patron. Pen boxes were carried by penmen of all ranks, often tucked into the shawls tied around their waists, symbolising a badge of their trade. So esteemed was the pen box that even Shahs commissioned them; these rare examples are confirmed by their inscriptions. The earliest specimens of this type date from the reign of Shah Sulayman Safavi (1664-95), but later Qajar examples commissioned by members of high bureaucracy also exist throughout the nineteenth century. While this particular pen box bears the name of the infamous Safavid painter Muhammad Zaman, both the painting and its accompanying inscription were most likely done during the late Qajar period, in the second half of the nineteenth century. Nonetheless, the fine quality and detail of the painting harps back to Zamanâs influential style, when the painting atelier flourished under the patronage of the Safavid ruler Shah Sulayman. At this time, a new Europeanizing style of painting developed, one that became synonymous with fine Safavid style lacquer painting. From the 1670s onwards, the school of Muhammad Zaman dominated the production of such painting styles throughout the 18th century and into the 19th, despite the precise identity of individual members of the school remaining obscure.
Malzemeler ve teknikler	Lacquered papier-mache
Parçalar	Pen Case, Pen Case Part
Fiziksel açıklama	Oblong shaped pen box with rounded edges, made of lacquered papier-mache and painted with a horizontally disposed composition on the top of the cover with couples reclining in a landscape before plates of fruit and kneeling musicians. The sides of the box bear panels of landscape in a Europeanizing style. Signed and dated, âYa Sahib al-Zaman, 1111H./1699-1700â.

مشاهده در منبع Victoria and Albert Museum Victoria and Albert Museum - موتور جستجوی نسخه های خطی عثمانی

Victoria and Albert Museum

Pen box (qalamdan)

تاریخ انتشار 1800

محل انتشار Iran (made) Isfahan (made) -

موضوع Lacquerware

نوع دیگر

زبان نامشخص

دیجیتال بله

نسخه خطی خیر

ابعاد فیزیکی Length: 23.3 cm, Width: 3.6 cm

کتابخانه Victoria and Albert Museum

شناسه دارایی کتابخانه 765:1-1876

شماره ثبت 765:1-1876

محل کتابخانه Middle East Section

تاریخ 1800

یادداشت‌ها The primary function of a pen box (qalamdan) was as a writing implement - made of papier mache, wood or other materials, including precious metals â intended to hold a number of tools associated with the art and act of writing, including reed pens, an inkwell, liqah (a cotton wool substance used to absorb excess ink), a penknife, a qatâzan (a flat resting board made of horn), a whetstone, a small spoon, and a pair of scissors. These accessories were considered essential elements for a scribe. The box that kept these elements was deemed, by association, as important as the person who handled its contents, with the quality of the boxâs decoration directly reflecting the status of the scribe or patron. Pen boxes were carried by penmen of all ranks, often tucked into the shawls tied around their waists, symbolising a badge of their trade. So esteemed was the pen box that even Shahs commissioned them; these rare examples are confirmed by their inscriptions. The earliest specimens of this type date from the reign of Shah Sulayman Safavi (1664-95), but later Qajar examples commissioned by members of high bureaucracy also exist throughout the nineteenth century. While this particular pen box bears the name of the infamous Safavid painter Muhammad Zaman, both the painting and its accompanying inscription were most likely done during the late Qajar period, in the second half of the nineteenth century. Nonetheless, the fine quality and detail of the painting harps back to Zamanâs influential style, when the painting atelier flourished under the patronage of the Safavid ruler Shah Sulayman. At this time, a new Europeanizing style of painting developed, one that became synonymous with fine Safavid style lacquer painting. From the 1670s onwards, the school of Muhammad Zaman dominated the production of such painting styles throughout the 18th century and into the 19th, despite the precise identity of individual members of the school remaining obscure.

Malzemeler ve teknikler Lacquered papier-mache

Parçalar Pen Case, Pen Case Part

Fiziksel açıklama Oblong shaped pen box with rounded edges, made of lacquered papier-mache and painted with a horizontally disposed composition on the top of the cover with couples reclining in a landscape before plates of fruit and kneeling musicians. The sides of the box bear panels of landscape in a Europeanizing style. Signed and dated, âYa Sahib al-Zaman, 1111H./1699-1700â.