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Pen box (qalamdan)

العنوان	Pen box (qalamdan)
تاريخ النشر:	1800
مكان النشر	Iran (made) Isfahan (made) -
الموضوع	Lacquerware
النوع	أخرى
اللغة	غير محدد
رقمي	نعم
مخطوط	لا
الأبعاد الفيزيائية	Length: 23.3 cm, Width: 3.6 cm
المكتبة:	Victoria and Albert Museum
معرف أصل المكتبة	765:1-1876
رقم السجل	765:1-1876
موقع المكتبة	Middle East Section
التاريخ	1800
ملاحظات	The primary function of a pen box (qalamdan) was as a writing implement - made of papier mache, wood or other materials, including precious metals â intended to hold a number of tools associated with the art and act of writing, including reed pens, an inkwell, liqah (a cotton wool substance used to absorb excess ink), a penknife, a qatâzan (a flat resting board made of horn), a whetstone, a small spoon, and a pair of scissors. These accessories were considered essential elements for a scribe. The box that kept these elements was deemed, by association, as important as the person who handled its contents, with the quality of the boxâs decoration directly reflecting the status of the scribe or patron. Pen boxes were carried by penmen of all ranks, often tucked into the shawls tied around their waists, symbolising a badge of their trade. So esteemed was the pen box that even Shahs commissioned them; these rare examples are confirmed by their inscriptions. The earliest specimens of this type date from the reign of Shah Sulayman Safavi (1664-95), but later Qajar examples commissioned by members of high bureaucracy also exist throughout the nineteenth century. While this particular pen box bears the name of the infamous Safavid painter Muhammad Zaman, both the painting and its accompanying inscription were most likely done during the late Qajar period, in the second half of the nineteenth century. Nonetheless, the fine quality and detail of the painting harps back to Zamanâs influential style, when the painting atelier flourished under the patronage of the Safavid ruler Shah Sulayman. At this time, a new Europeanizing style of painting developed, one that became synonymous with fine Safavid style lacquer painting. From the 1670s onwards, the school of Muhammad Zaman dominated the production of such painting styles throughout the 18th century and into the 19th, despite the precise identity of individual members of the school remaining obscure.
Malzemeler ve teknikler	Lacquered papier-mache
Parçalar	Pen Case, Pen Case Part
Fiziksel açıklama	Oblong shaped pen box with rounded edges, made of lacquered papier-mache and painted with a horizontally disposed composition on the top of the cover with couples reclining in a landscape before plates of fruit and kneeling musicians. The sides of the box bear panels of landscape in a Europeanizing style. Signed and dated, âYa Sahib al-Zaman, 1111H./1699-1700â.

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Victoria and Albert Museum

Pen box (qalamdan)

تاريخ النشر 1800

مكان النشر Iran (made) Isfahan (made) -

الموضوع Lacquerware

النوع أخرى

اللغة غير محدد

رقمي نعم

مخطوط لا

الأبعاد الفيزيائية Length: 23.3 cm, Width: 3.6 cm

المكتبة Victoria and Albert Museum

معرف أصل المكتبة 765:1-1876

رقم السجل 765:1-1876

موقع المكتبة Middle East Section

التاريخ 1800

ملاحظات The primary function of a pen box (qalamdan) was as a writing implement - made of papier mache, wood or other materials, including precious metals â intended to hold a number of tools associated with the art and act of writing, including reed pens, an inkwell, liqah (a cotton wool substance used to absorb excess ink), a penknife, a qatâzan (a flat resting board made of horn), a whetstone, a small spoon, and a pair of scissors. These accessories were considered essential elements for a scribe. The box that kept these elements was deemed, by association, as important as the person who handled its contents, with the quality of the boxâs decoration directly reflecting the status of the scribe or patron. Pen boxes were carried by penmen of all ranks, often tucked into the shawls tied around their waists, symbolising a badge of their trade. So esteemed was the pen box that even Shahs commissioned them; these rare examples are confirmed by their inscriptions. The earliest specimens of this type date from the reign of Shah Sulayman Safavi (1664-95), but later Qajar examples commissioned by members of high bureaucracy also exist throughout the nineteenth century. While this particular pen box bears the name of the infamous Safavid painter Muhammad Zaman, both the painting and its accompanying inscription were most likely done during the late Qajar period, in the second half of the nineteenth century. Nonetheless, the fine quality and detail of the painting harps back to Zamanâs influential style, when the painting atelier flourished under the patronage of the Safavid ruler Shah Sulayman. At this time, a new Europeanizing style of painting developed, one that became synonymous with fine Safavid style lacquer painting. From the 1670s onwards, the school of Muhammad Zaman dominated the production of such painting styles throughout the 18th century and into the 19th, despite the precise identity of individual members of the school remaining obscure.

Malzemeler ve teknikler Lacquered papier-mache

Parçalar Pen Case, Pen Case Part

Fiziksel açıklama Oblong shaped pen box with rounded edges, made of lacquered papier-mache and painted with a horizontally disposed composition on the top of the cover with couples reclining in a landscape before plates of fruit and kneeling musicians. The sides of the box bear panels of landscape in a Europeanizing style. Signed and dated, âYa Sahib al-Zaman, 1111H./1699-1700â.