Author
Muhammet Talha Sağlam
Publication Place
University of Afyon Kocatepe -
University of Afyon Kocatepe
Subject
Change, Culture, Fasting, Religion, Sacrifice, Urbanization
Type
kitap
Language
Arabic
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Leitir Library
Library Asset ID
EISSN: 2757-8399, DOI: 10.52637/kiid.1161040
Record ID
cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_871cc754c8204bda9eab49aff830aac1
Library Location
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Notes
Urbanization has greatly increased the speed and quality of social change. With the Industrial Revolution, cities attracted the rural population and became dense and crowded settlements. New city residents have experienced significant changes in terms of their production and consumption relations, their culture and the moral principles that bind them. Türkiye began to experience these changes that developed countries experienced immediately after the Industrial Revolution in the second half of the 20th century. There have been steady migration movements to big cities, especially Istanbul and Ankara, and the population living there has increased rapidly. Thus, different lifestyles, new human relations and cultures began to appear in cities. Developments in communication tools have had a multiplier effect on the change that has occurred. All of these have significantly affected the religious institution, which is in close relationship with culture. This effect, which has many dimensions, is addressed more specifically in our study. The focus is on the impact of social and religious change experienced during the urbanization process on some religious practices, in the context of the religion-culture relationship. The study was conducted using the qualitative research method. Families migrating from Belenören village of Bursa to the city center were selected as a sample. In order to monitor the urbanization process, a total of 42 people representing three generations of each family were interviewed. Semi-structured interview technique was used to collect research data. The data obtained as a result of the interview was subjected to content analysis. On the other hand, the literature on the relationship between culture and religion-culture and urbanization was scanned. The present research is based on these three basic questions. 1) What is the relationship between religion and culture? 2) Does the change brought about by urbanization affect culture and religion? 3) Are the religious and cultural changes experienced during the urbanization process reflected in the implementation of some religious practices? Within the scope of the study, many questions were asked to the participants, especially about faith and worship. Accordingly, it was seen that the participants gave more importance to fasting, sacrifice and mawlid practices than other religious practices. Each religious practice mentioned in the article is discussed under a separate heading. In particular, the importance given to these three practices was compared with the participants' prayer situations. Accordingly, it has been observed that even participants who do not put religion at the center of their daily lives and do not tend to perform religious practices fast to a large extent. The fact that some participants who currently pray five times a day stated that they fast even during periods when they do not pray and do not care about some religious prohibitions supports this opinion. As a result, the practice of fasting and the related month of Ramadan continues to maintain its importance for participants from all generations. The practice of sacrifice after fasting is discussed. The practice of sacrifice, which has an important place in many beliefs and cultures, is also given great importance in ancient Turkish beliefs and traditions. After the Turks became Muslims, this importance continued to exist within the boundaries set by Islam. Social enthusiasm and cooperation experienced on the occasion of Eid al-Adha increased the importance attributed to the practice of sacrifice. All of these cause participants from all three generations to attach great importance to the practice of sacrifice. With urbanization, there are also differences in the implementation of the sacrificial practice. Urbanized participants leave this job to professional butchers or organizations of non-governmental organizations and religious groups, instead of slaughtering their animals themselves. Finally, the practice of mawlid is discussed. Mawlid ceremonies have an important place in the religious and cultural life of the Turkish people. Interviews with participants show that the importance attached to Mawlid ceremonies has eroded significantly with the continuation. It can be said that participants who received formal religious education or were in contact with religious groups during the urbanization process did not attach importance to the practice of mawlid. On the other hand, Mawlid ceremonies still hold an important place in the religious lives of participants who have a traditional perception of religion and who do not draw a religious profile and do not place religion at the center of their lives. As a result, the change and transformation brought about by urbanization on lifestyle, mentality and culture also affects the way of religious perception and living. The importance that three different generations attach to the three religious practices discussed and the difference in the way they implement these practices show this effect.
Detaylı Başlık
Kentlileşme ve Dini-Kültürel Değişme Bağlamında Bazı Dini Pratikler
