Levantine intellectuals and the European cultural experience and the extent of its influence on the Levant from the nineteenth century until just before World War I

Name: Levantine intellectuals and the European cultural experience and the extent of its influence on the Levant from the nineteenth century until just before World War I
Author: Ahmed, Issa Hussein

Title	Levantine intellectuals and the European cultural experience and the extent of its influence on the Levant from the nineteenth century until just before World War I
Author	Ahmed, Issa Hussein
Publication Place	Cairo, Egypt - Ain Shams University - Middle East Research Center
Type	Book
Language	ara,eng
Digital	Yes
Manuscript	No
Library:	Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID	ISSN: 2536-9504, EISSN: 2735-5233, DOI: 10.21608/mercj.2022.117428.1223
Record ID	cdi_emarefa_primary_1498190
Library Location	DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Notes	This research discusses one of the important issues in the Arab world before World War I, which is the cultural conditions among the Shawam, specifically among those affected by the European intellectual experience, and exploring the intellectual product of those returning from Europe. A state of cultural stagnation prevailed in the Levant during Ottoman control, and education was limited to religious education only until the first civilizational shock came, represented by the French campaign. As well as identifying translated European magazines that played a major role in introducing intellectual, philosophical, literary and scientific doctrines and other areas of Western culture. In addition to that, the role of Christian missions in this framework and their role in building schools and institutes in various places and publishing books of worship. The most important point in terms of importance is the research’s exploration of the role of European missions abroad. The beginning was during the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha by sending young students to Europe to learn there. Many Levantine intellectuals were greatly influenced by the tributaries of European thought. The study looked at many examples of these thinkers, such as Ahmed Faris Al-Shidyaq. The period he spent in Europe and the progress he witnessed in European societies in the scientific aspect, which was the basis of the cultural renaissance in Europe, influenced his call, and even his demand, to his countrymen for the necessity of visiting this country to benefit from its work and learn about traditions and customs other than those they were familiar with in their country. Likewise, Taher Al-Jazairi and his loyal student, Rafik Al-Azm, were influenced by European thought, specifically the French experience. In addition to Sati’ Al-Husri, who was one of those influenced by the European experience in its French context and an advocate of imitating European thought. Also, Najib Azoury, as one of the Levantine intellectuals influenced by European thought, studied political science in France, where European ideas were spreading at that time, and explored the effects of these ideas and influences on the cultural situation in the Levant. The extent to which these intellectuals were influenced by Western ideas and influences has clearly become apparent, and a fertile environment was created in their minds to draw a different cultural scene, distinguished by its positives and negatives, in the Levant.
Görüntüle	Majallat buḥūth al-Sharq al-Awsaṭ fī al-ʻulūm al-insānīyah wa-al-adabīyah, 2023, Vol.49 (92), p.233-260

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Royal Danish Library

Levantine intellectuals and the European cultural experience and the extent of its influence on the Levant from the nineteenth century until just before World War I

Author Ahmed, Issa Hussein

Publication Place Cairo, Egypt - Ain Shams University - Middle East Research Center

Type Book

Language ara,eng

Digital Yes

Manuscript No

Library Royal Danish Library

Library Asset ID ISSN: 2536-9504, EISSN: 2735-5233, DOI: 10.21608/mercj.2022.117428.1223

Record ID cdi_emarefa_primary_1498190

Library Location DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

Notes This research discusses one of the important issues in the Arab world before World War I, which is the cultural conditions among the Shawam, specifically among those affected by the European intellectual experience, and exploring the intellectual product of those returning from Europe. A state of cultural stagnation prevailed in the Levant during Ottoman control, and education was limited to religious education only until the first civilizational shock came, represented by the French campaign. As well as identifying translated European magazines that played a major role in introducing intellectual, philosophical, literary and scientific doctrines and other areas of Western culture. In addition to that, the role of Christian missions in this framework and their role in building schools and institutes in various places and publishing books of worship. The most important point in terms of importance is the research’s exploration of the role of European missions abroad. The beginning was during the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha by sending young students to Europe to learn there. Many Levantine intellectuals were greatly influenced by the tributaries of European thought. The study looked at many examples of these thinkers, such as Ahmed Faris Al-Shidyaq. The period he spent in Europe and the progress he witnessed in European societies in the scientific aspect, which was the basis of the cultural renaissance in Europe, influenced his call, and even his demand, to his countrymen for the necessity of visiting this country to benefit from its work and learn about traditions and customs other than those they were familiar with in their country. Likewise, Taher Al-Jazairi and his loyal student, Rafik Al-Azm, were influenced by European thought, specifically the French experience. In addition to Sati’ Al-Husri, who was one of those influenced by the European experience in its French context and an advocate of imitating European thought. Also, Najib Azoury, as one of the Levantine intellectuals influenced by European thought, studied political science in France, where European ideas were spreading at that time, and explored the effects of these ideas and influences on the cultural situation in the Levant. The extent to which these intellectuals were influenced by Western ideas and influences has clearly become apparent, and a fertile environment was created in their minds to draw a different cultural scene, distinguished by its positives and negatives, in the Levant.

Görüntüle Majallat buḥūth al-Sharq al-Awsaṭ fī al-ʻulūm al-insānīyah wa-al-adabīyah, 2023, Vol.49 (92), p.233-260