Author
Hamid Nassaj
Subject
Clergy, Iran, Islam, Religion, Turkey
Type
Book
Language
Persian
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 2345-6140, EISSN: 2476-6208
Record ID
cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_e779dd23e4b84160acfe9f263a6e268b
Library Location
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Notes
.In the early decades of the twentieth century, semi-modern states emerged in Iranand Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who managed to establish Turkey on theremains of the Ottoman Empire, tried hard to modernize turkey with Anti-religiousapproach. In Reza Khan successfully toppled the rotten Qajar Dynasty and took holdof the throne, Likewise, he believed in modernization through the process ofwesternization.Foreign relations between two countries, and especially Reza Shah`s historicvisit to Turkey, Strengthened the theoretical bond of the two rulers.when Rezashah returned, he became more determined in his Westernizationpolicy and particularly unveiling women.Despite similar theoretical approaches and the influence of Turkey on Iran,Comparing the westernization of Ataturk and that of Reza Shah reveals manydifferences in their magnitude and range. Ataturk omitted religious ranking,religious schools Sharia courts, and monasteries. He prohibited any religious signsand established European anti-Islamic civil law; he promulgated the payer, Quran,and Azan to be done in Turkish, and made a weakened change from Friday toSunday; none were done by Reza Shah. The resistance in the two countries wasdifferent too. There was no social mobilization in Turkey and the resistance wasregional and temporary. The question of this paper is which factors,despite similartheoretical approach, caused. the different achievements of Reza Shah and Ataturk.The main factor that can explain these differences (differences in the magnitude andthe type of resistance) is "religion and the organization of clergies. Moreover, thelack of deep thought tradition in turkey, turkey’s neighborhood with west, strongbureaucracy remained from Ottoman Empire and finally territorial threats by Greeksare other influential elements
Görüntüle
Pizhūhishʹhā-yi rāhburdī-i siyāsat, 2014-02, Vol.2 (5), p.101-130
