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Bowl

العنوان	Bowl
المؤلف	Unknown
تاريخ النشر:	900
مكان النشر	Iraq (made) -
الموضوع	Ceramics Islam
النوع	أخرى
اللغة	غير محدد
رقمي	نعم
مخطوط	لا
الأبعاد الفيزيائية	Diameter: 10cm, Height: 6cm
المكتبة:	Victoria and Albert Museum
معرف أصل المكتبة	C.56-1930
رقم السجل	C.56-1930
موقع المكتبة	Middle East Section
التاريخ	900
ملاحظات	This bowl is made from earthenware, but the pinkish ceramic body has been disguised by the use of an opaque tin glaze, which is made by adding particles of tin oxide to the glaze recipe. The use of tin opacification in glazes was first invented in Iraq in the early 9th century, where it was used to imitate the bright whiteness of imported Chinese porcelains. Tin-glazing was used throughout the Middle East until the middle of the 11th century, when a new, artificial ceramic body, known as fritware, was invented by potters in Egypt. This bowl is decorated in lustre, an overglaze technique using metallic pigments derived from silver and copper, which was also invented in Iraq in the early 9th century. The lustre pigments were painted on the hard shiny surface of the pot after it had been glazed, and it was then refired in a reducing kiln (an atmosphere starved of oxygen). The lustre on this bowl has developed as a brownish stain, and is not very shiny - it took a century or so of experimentation to get it right. Nevertheless, lustre became a very popular technique for decorating Islamic ceramics, and was especially used to imitate the designs of metal objects. The dotted background of this bowl probably imitates the ring-matted surface of precious metals. The design depicts a bear-like creature, and the Arabic word for 'blessing' repeated twice. In the footring is written the Arabic word meaning 'the work of' but without giving the name of a potter.
Malzemeler ve teknikler	Tin-glazed earthenware (fritware) with lustre decoration Clay Opaque White Glaze Lustre
Fiziksel açıklama	Bowl, buff-coloured earthenware (fritware), shallow with lightly flaring rim, covered in opaque white glaze, painted in a silver-rich yellowish-brown lustre, depicting a bear within a cartouche on a dotted ground beneath and above two inscriptions with the Arabic word 'barakah' ('blessing'), also in cartouches, the rim with scalloped border repeated twice on the front of the bowl. The exterior is painted with concentric circles of varied widths and stippled dashes, while inside the footring is the word ' 'amala' ('the work of'). Restored.
Üretim	Probably Basra
Üslup	Abbasid

عرض في المصدر Victoria and Albert Museum Victoria and Albert Museum - محرك بحث المخطوطات العثمانية

Victoria and Albert Museum

Bowl

المؤلف Unknown

تاريخ النشر 900

مكان النشر Iraq (made) -

الموضوع Ceramics Islam

النوع أخرى

اللغة غير محدد

رقمي نعم

مخطوط لا

الأبعاد الفيزيائية Diameter: 10cm, Height: 6cm

المكتبة Victoria and Albert Museum

معرف أصل المكتبة C.56-1930

رقم السجل C.56-1930

موقع المكتبة Middle East Section

التاريخ 900

ملاحظات This bowl is made from earthenware, but the pinkish ceramic body has been disguised by the use of an opaque tin glaze, which is made by adding particles of tin oxide to the glaze recipe. The use of tin opacification in glazes was first invented in Iraq in the early 9th century, where it was used to imitate the bright whiteness of imported Chinese porcelains. Tin-glazing was used throughout the Middle East until the middle of the 11th century, when a new, artificial ceramic body, known as fritware, was invented by potters in Egypt. This bowl is decorated in lustre, an overglaze technique using metallic pigments derived from silver and copper, which was also invented in Iraq in the early 9th century. The lustre pigments were painted on the hard shiny surface of the pot after it had been glazed, and it was then refired in a reducing kiln (an atmosphere starved of oxygen). The lustre on this bowl has developed as a brownish stain, and is not very shiny - it took a century or so of experimentation to get it right. Nevertheless, lustre became a very popular technique for decorating Islamic ceramics, and was especially used to imitate the designs of metal objects. The dotted background of this bowl probably imitates the ring-matted surface of precious metals. The design depicts a bear-like creature, and the Arabic word for 'blessing' repeated twice. In the footring is written the Arabic word meaning 'the work of' but without giving the name of a potter.

Malzemeler ve teknikler Tin-glazed earthenware (fritware) with lustre decoration Clay Opaque White Glaze Lustre

Fiziksel açıklama Bowl, buff-coloured earthenware (fritware), shallow with lightly flaring rim, covered in opaque white glaze, painted in a silver-rich yellowish-brown lustre, depicting a bear within a cartouche on a dotted ground beneath and above two inscriptions with the Arabic word 'barakah' ('blessing'), also in cartouches, the rim with scalloped border repeated twice on the front of the bowl. The exterior is painted with concentric circles of varied widths and stippled dashes, while inside the footring is the word ' 'amala' ('the work of'). Restored.

Üretim Probably Basra

Üslup Abbasid