Author
Karakuş, Nadir, Sümer, Necati
Publication Place
Siirt University -
Siirt University
Subject
Marifetname, 2021-06, Vol.8 (1), p.41-63
Type
Book
Language
ara,tur
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Leitir Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 2757-752X, EISSN: 2791-707X, DOI: 10.47425/marifetname.878583
Record ID
cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_123fd8f61c2b4a1ab6e9ec79856f0eb6
Library Location
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Notes
The Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099, burned it down, and killed the Muslims who took refuge in the temples, causing great sadness in the Islamic world. Quarrels and divisions among Muslims made the Crusaders' job easier, and they established a kingdom in Jerusalem as well as Urfa and Antakya, and settled here. After that, Muslims spent their time not in taking back Jerusalem, but in protecting themselves against the Crusaders. The first serious attack against the Crusaders was made by Zengi, and after his death in 1146, his son Nureddin continued the fight more successfully. Nureddin's capture of Damascus in 1154 created a Muslim unity in Syria, but this was not enough. In order to dominate Jerusalem, it was necessary to capture Egypt as well. Meanwhile, when conflicts broke out in Egypt, Nureddin sent his commander Shirkûh and his nephew Saladin to Egypt. The Crusaders' takeover of the situation could not slow down Shirkûh, and Egypt was dominated in 1169. Meanwhile, Shirkûh died and his nephew Saladin became vizier in his place. In 1171, the sermon in Egypt was read in the name of the Abbasids again after two centuries, bringing the Fatimid era to an end. Saladin, who took over the flag after the death of Nureddin in 1174, dealt with internal turmoil for a while and then took action against the Crusaders. In 1187, the Crusaders were first defeated in the Battle of Hattin, the cities on the coast were captured except the city of Sur, and then Jerusalem was conquered on October 2, 1187. One of the important roles in this developing process was played by Nureddin, alongside Saladin, and the Muslims were experiencing great joy. The city was entered on the morning of Miraj night and the first Friday prayer was performed and the first sermon was read. The cross was cleaned from the holy places and the flag of Tawhid was planted in its place. Ibn al-Zaki, the judge of Damascus, had the privilege of reading the first sermon and translated the joy of the Muslims.
Detaylı Başlık
Kudus’te ilk cuma: 2 Ekim 1187
