Author
Oktay Gundogdu, Esra Gundogdu
Publication Place
Hits University -
Hits University
Subject
Hittite Journal of Theology, 2023-06, Vol.22 (1), p.455-492
Type
Book
Language
ara,tur
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Leitir Library
Library Asset ID
EISSN: 2757-6949, DOI: 10.14395/hid.1252028
Record ID
cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_9dcd5e1e295b4ac29863bceb26952a85
Library Location
DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
Notes
Although İskilip district of Çorum province, which hosts different civilizations, has a deep-rooted history, it is understood that the information about the history of the city is quite insufficient. Especially the fact that the data reflected in the literature regarding the ancient period and names of Iskilip are names attributed to other cities has caused confusion. This process has been transferred from sources over time and the histories of different cities have led to it being accepted as the history of Iskilip or the name of the city. Many suggestions have been made on the ancient names of the city (such as Andrapa, Klaudiopolis, Neoklaudiopolis, Tavium, Bloacium, Pejum, etc.), but it has been determined by multidisciplinary studies in the field that all of them are different cities. When the cities in the Paphlagonia region are examined on maps, six important cities emerge. It has been approximately determined which cities most of these cities are located on today. However, it is not clear how far the borders of the city, referred to as "Dadybra" on the maps, extend or where it is exactly. Although sources indicate that the city mentioned as "Dadybra" may be Safranbolu, the data supporting this thesis is quite limited. The lack of information and confusion about the city of Dadybra did not allow us to fill the gap we encountered in the history of Iskilip. One of the most basic things emphasized within the scope of this study is that the city of İskilip is considered within the Paphlagonia region and is one of the important cities. The rock tombs constitute the most concrete sources of this thesis regarding the early periods of Iskilip history. In order to fill the gap in the history of the city, to reveal the historical identity of the city and to trace the traces of different civilizations, it is necessary to examine and chronologically analyze the works that have survived to the present day. In addition, we think that the ring of expansion starting from the first settlements is İskilip Castle, Yivlik Hill and its surroundings. Therefore, the rock tombs located on the southern outskirts of İskilip Castle constitute one of the earliest sources for this region and shed light on the history of İskilip. Iskilip Castle is approximately 100 m above the city level. It sits on a high bedrock mass. Approximately 15 m on the facade facing towards the southern part of the castle settlement. There are tombs carved into bedrock that can reach up to a height. It was known that there were five in total, but as a result of the road works carried out by Iskilip Municipality in January/May 1995, another rock tomb, which we call D rock tomb, was unearthed. This tomb, which we were not aware of until 1995 and has not been evaluated separately in any scientific study to date, was examined in full detail in our study. In addition, surveys of the rock tombs, which we named A-B-C-E-F, located to the west and east of this tomb, were taken, photographs were taken, and drawings were made in the autocad environment. An Eros relief, which we think exists on the triangular pediment of rock tomb A, is presented for the first time in this study. The kline where the dead were laid in the rock tomb and the portico sections to the south are presented with all their workmanship. Another most important data of this study is that we provided the damage records based on a photograph dated 1885 of the travelers who photographed the Iskilip rock tombs. Identifying the damages on the rock tombs is also an important study in terms of presenting their restoration techniques. In particular, the disappearance of the columns of tomb C, documenting that tomb A was once used for different functions, determining that the column in the portico section of tomb B does not exist today, emphasizing the initial state of the kline section in tomb B, what the animal-figured capitals in tomb E are and what they mean, have been tried to be presented in this study. The triangular pediment of tomb E, which offers rich data that cannot be found in other regions, was compared with rock tombs in different regions to determine its place and style in its period. As a result of all the studies carried out, it was determined that the graves shed light on a period within the Late Hellenistic-Roman Period.
Detaylı Başlık
İskilip Tarihçesi ve Kaya Mezarları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
