Author
Al-Qahtani, Abdul Qadir bin Hamoud Abdul Aziz
Type
Book
Language
Arabic
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 2335-1039
Record ID
cdi_almandumah_primary_927916
Library Location
Alma/SFX Local Collection
Notes
His birth and upbringing: There is no unanimous agreement among historians regarding his birth, as he was born between (1798 - 1826 AD). He was raised in his father's house with literature, morals, and religion, and he received his education at the hands of the scholars of his time in religion, literature, politics, and other sciences. Thus, he became a jurist in religion and a writer in the Arabic language, qualifying him to be an articulate orator, a just judge, and a glorious poet. Sheikh Qassim bin Mohammed was one of the largest pearl merchants in the Arabian Gulf, and this trade brought him huge sums of money. He was known for his generosity and love of charity. He helped the needy, spent on students of knowledge, imams of mosques, and built mosques and schools for memorizing the Holy Quran. He also printed Islamic books and distributed them to Muslims inside and outside Qatar. In the political field: Since 1869, he has become the de facto ruler of the country due to his father’s advanced age. Following the death of his father, Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani, on December 18, 1878 AD, he assumed power after him, and continued to rule until the date of his death on July 17, 1913 AD. Sheikh Qassim pursued a wise policy in governance at the local and external levels. At the local level, he worked to unify tribes and groups of people under his rule through a policy based on justice and equality between citizens in rights and duties. On the external or international level, he tried not to interfere in the affairs of others and not to allow interference in his country’s internal affairs. Sheikh Qassim preferred to ally with the Ottoman Empire and use its forces to defend his country against any threat. Therefore, he allowed the Ottoman forces to enter the country in 1871 AD. The Ottoman forces remained in the country until the date of his death and did not leave the country except during the reign of his successor, Sheikh Abdullah bin Qasim, in the year 1915 AD, as a result of British pressure on the Ottomans in World War I. The result of Sheikh Qassim’s rejection of British protection and his preference for Ottoman protection was one of the reasons that caused Britain to create border problems for him with his neighbors, especially with Bahrain, Abu Dhabi, and Saudi Arabia, but with the help of God, the strength of his character, and the rally of his people around him, he was able to face these challenges and triumph over them. Sheikh Qassim, although he accepted the Ottoman alliance, did not allow the Ottomans to interfere in the affairs of the country, which were his responsibility. Therefore, when the Ottomans tried to interfere in the affairs of the country, he fought them and defeated them in 1893 AD, known as the Battle of Al-Wajbah. Because of his preservation of the independence and sovereignty of his country, he deserved to be called the founder of the State of Qatar in modern history, and for the date of his assumption of power: December 18, to become a national day in which the government and people of the state celebrate.
Görüntüle
Al-Ijtihad Journal on Legal and Economic Studies, 2018 (14), p.372-397
