Author
Abdullah Taha İmamoğlu
Subject
Islamic law
Type
Book
Language
Arabic
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 1304-1045, EISSN: 2791-9730
Record ID
cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_56708bed9cc140d089a49a39eebe9a63
Library Location
Directory of Open Access Journals, EBSCOhost Academic Search Complete
Notes
The institution of kadi, which has an important place in the legal system of the Ottoman Empire, was accepted as a civil servant responsible for carrying out judicial and civil transactions. This duty continued from the foundation of the Ottoman Empire until its last moment, and madrasahs assumed the function of being the most important educational institutions that trained judges. In the Ottoman Empire, judges made decisions according to the Hanafi jurisprudence, which was the official sect of the state. The duty of the judge differed administratively according to units such as district, sanjak and province. Kaza kadis were classified according to three different regions such as Rumelia, Anatolia and Egypt. Rumelian judges worked in the districts of this region. Anatolian and Egyptian judges also performed their duties as judges in their own regions. The person responsible for the judges of the Rumelia region was the Rumeli Kazaskeri, and the person responsible for the districts in Anatolia and Egypt was the Anatolian Kazaskeri. Both kazaskers would handle the administrative affairs of their respective regions and be responsible for the appointment of kadis. Those who served as judges in sanjaks or provinces were called mevali, and as a result of the final promotion, it was possible to rise to the position of judge of Istanbul. However, in order to become a judge in the capital city, it was necessary to actually act as a judge after receiving the title of judge in regions such as Bursa and Edirne. After becoming a judge of Istanbul, there was also the opportunity to become an Anatolian and Rumelian Kazasker. When sheikh al-Islams began to take their place above the kazaskers in the administrative division of the Ottoman Empire, they began to be responsible for the appointment of professors and judges who received salaries of more than 40 coins. In addition to sharia and legal cases, judges also handled the works needed by the people, shopping, the procedure of applying minimum and fixed prices, the goods that could be taken out of the country, the prevention of prohibited goods, the supply of war tools and equipment, the maintenance of cleanliness in their regions apart from military affairs, and other similar tasks, and they tried to carry out all of these works together with the police. Regents could represent kadis in fulfilling their duties, and they could act on behalf of the kadi and make decisions. The credentials of many scholars available in manuscript libraries in Turkey need to be researched scientifically. In this study, a draft license prepared by Babakaleli Ahmed Abdülaziz Efendi, who was originally born in Çanakkale's Babakale village and settled in the capital Istanbul, and continued his scientific career in this city, to give to his students, will be published, allowing him to follow the education process, at least partially. Babakaleli Ahmed Abdülaziz Efendi (1277/1860), who was a judge in cities such as Damascus and Mecca within the borders of the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the 19th century, as well as in districts where non-Muslims were concentrated such as Tophane and Galata in Istanbul, is, in the words of Mehmed Tahir of Bursa, a person from the holy ulema. In his work, he describes himself as Babakaleli Ahmed Abdülaziz b. Hüseyin Efendi b. He introduces himself as Hafız Halil Efendi. Abdülaziz Efendi participated in the tafsir talks, that is, Huzur Lessons, held in the presence of the sultan during Ramadan, between 1265/1848 and 1278/1861, as an interlocutor for thirteen years; He had the titles of both teacher and mullah. This indicates that Abdülaziz Efendi was among the important scientists of the capital Istanbul. It can be said that Abdülaziz Efendi, who also had the title of judge of Mecca-i Mükerreme, died in 1296/1878, as it is reported in the Sicill-i Osmani that he transferred to the eternal residence towards 1297/1879. In the article, after giving brief information about the life and works of Babakaleli Abdülaziz Ahmed Efendi, the license recorded in his name in the records of the Süleymaniye Manuscript Library will be published, and through this publication, the education of an Ottoman judge, his teachers and the books he read will be determined. On this occasion, some determinations will be made about the education and training process of a scholar who was a judge in the Ottoman Empire, and the only copy of the ijazetname in written form, which can be considered as a document, will be published based on its current state in the library.
Görüntüle
İslam hukuku araştırmaları dergisi (Online), 2022-12 (40), p.243-269
