Author
Abdul Rahim, Jahan Ibrahim Shar Ali
Publication Place
Assiut, Egypt -
Assiut University, Faculty of Arts
Type
Book
Language
ara,eng
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 2537-0022, EISSN: 2537-0030, DOI: 10.21608/aakj.2021.192837
Record ID
cdi_emarefa_primary_1264545
Library Location
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Notes
The tenth century AH and sixteenth century AD is considered an extension of the Crusades launched by the European West against the world in the name of geographical discoveries. The Mamluk state and the Ottoman state confronted these crusades led by the Portuguese, and Prince Hussein Kurdi had a major role in confronting these fierce campaigns against the Islamic East, as he was the one who fought the Portuguese in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. He built the Jeddah Wall to protect the two holy cities: Mecca and Medina. Then he pursued the Portuguese and entered with them two decisive battles. The first was the Battle of “Shol,” in which he was victorious, and the second was the “Naval Battle of Diu,” which eliminated the maritime influence of the Mamluks. The Mamluks, in cooperation with the Ottomans, tried to confront the Portuguese in the Second Indian Campaign, but this attempt failed due to the lack of unity of the Islamic forces against their enemies on the one hand, and due to some betrayals that enabled the Portuguese to prevail over the coalition led by Hussein Kurdi, on the other hand. Then, the cruelty and lack of thoughtfulness that characterized the Kurdish led to the division and dispersal of the Islamic forces in the Red Sea, on the other hand. The tenth century AH (16th AD) is an extension of the crusades launched by Western Europe on the world in the name of geographical discoveries. The Mamluk and the Ottoman states confronted these crusades led by the Portuguese. Prince Hussein Kurdi played a major role in confronting these fierce campaigns against the Islamic Orient, as he is the one who fought the Portuguese in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. He built the Jeddah Wall to fortify the two holy cities of Makkah and Madinah, then chased the Portuguese and fought them in two key battles. The first is the battle of Choll, in which he won, and the second was the naval battle of Diu, in which the Mamluk maritime force was eliminated. The Mamluks, in cooperation with the Ottomans, tried to confront the Portuguese in the second India campaign, but this attempt failed due to the lack of unity between the Islamic forces against their enemies, and because of some treachery that enabled the Portuguese to outperform the alliance led by Hussein Kurdi. In addition, the cruelty and lack of deliberation with which the Kurdi was characterized led to the separation and dispersion of the Islamic forces in the Red Sea.
Görüntüle
Al-Mağallah Al-ʿilmiyyaẗ Li Kulliyyaẗ Al-Adāb - Ǧāmiʿaẗ Asyūt, 2021, Vol.24 (79), p.163-188
