Author
Al-Zahrani, Abdel Nasser, Abdel Ati, Yasser Yahya
Type
Book
Language
Arabic
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 1026-9576, EISSN: 2959-9830, DOI: 10.34120/ajh.v30i118.2291
Record ID
cdi_crossref_primary_10_34120_ajh_v30i118_2291
Library Location
EBSCOhost Humanities International Complete
Notes
This research examines a number of possible alternatives to the methodology for rebuilding the Ottoman Al-Faqir Castle in Al-Ula Governorate, Saudi Arabia. The preference for the chosen methodology depends on the extent to which it provides a greater structural safety factor for the castle building against earthquake forces, which are the main cause of the current structural problems and collapses in the building. Al-Faqir Castle is one of the Ottoman castles spread on the Levantine-Egyptian Hajj route, northwest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This building, along with the rest of the Ottoman castles, represents an important part of the Kingdom’s history and its ancient architectural and cultural heritage. Al-Faqir Castle is also located in Al-Ula Governorate, which is considered one of the most important governorates in the Kingdom in the field of heritage tourism. This research represents a preliminary study of the current castle building until excavation work is completed and the layers of rubble that cover most of the site are removed. The study and evaluation process depends on the results of the structural analysis of a number of digital computer models representing the building, using the Finite Element Method, through one of the famous computer programs in this field. Three methodologies are studied through structural analysis of five case models; The first methodology is based on the reconstruction study of the castle building using the building's original construction materials and techniques. In the first case, traditional building materials and methods are used, while in the second case, strong woods (such as dear wood) are used to build roofs. The second methodology relies on placing reinforced concrete beams (with small sections) at the positions of the stone columns, and at the inner borders of the roof (surrounding the inner courtyard of the building), through the third case. As for the third methodology, it studies the placement of a strong horizontal level (diaphragm) inside the wooden ceilings, consisting of precast reinforced concrete slabs with limited dimensions (1.0 * 1.0 m) and a thickness of 5 cm, placed above the wooden beams and below the floor layers. The fourth case studies placing this level in the ceiling of the last floor only, while the fifth case studies placing it in all ceilings of the building. The results of this study are useful in determining the optimal method for rebuilding the Faqir Castle building with the aim of strengthening it against earthquakes, and it presents a number of alternatives and ideas that can be implemented in the preservation and restoration work of heritage buildings in the Kingdom. This paper studies a number of alternatives for reconstruction methodology of Ottoman Citadel of Al-Faqeer at Al-ULA Governorate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The preferable reconstruction methodology is the one that provides the citadel building with sufficient structural safety factor against seismic forces, which are considered the main destructive action that affected most of deficiencies and collapse in the building. This citadel is considered one of the invaluable architectural heritage in KSA, which is located in one of its most famous governorates for cultural tourism. The citadel represents with other Ottoman citadels that lies along the Hajj route; Part of Ottoman era in KSA. This building is currently bound by the authorities. Full excavation works of its site and ruins still have not been carried out. Thus, this study is considered preliminary. The assessment among reconstruction methodologies will be based on the results of structural analysis works (static and dynamic), using computer numerical modeling technique that applies Finite Element Method (FEM). Three main methodologies are studied in this paper through five case studies. Through two analysis cases the first methodology studies the reconstruction of the citadel collapsed parts using the original building materials and construction technology (the authentic cases). Case-1 assumes the use of weak wooden roof that are usually found in all heritage buildings, while case-2 use more robust wooden beams for reconstructing roofs, which support on masonry arches (more stiff roofs). The second methodology studies through case-3 the addition of reinforced concrete (RC) beams at the inner periphery of roofs (that overlooks the courtyard) and at the locations of masonry columns (across the roof and parallel to its wooden beams). The third methodology studies through case-4 and case-5 the embedding of thin precast reinforced concrete slabs inside the wooden roof (to be placed above wooden beams of each roof and under the flooring). The last cases aim to provide floor roof with a diaphragm system. This paper provides the major scheme for structural restoration and reconstruction works of Al-Faqeer citadel and reaches good conclusions and recommendations that would help to conserve and preserve similar architectural heritage structures in KSA. This paper studies a number of alternatives for reconstruction methodology of Ottoman Citadel of Al-Faqeer at Al-ULA Governorate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The preferable reconstruction methodology is the one that provides the citadel building with sufficient structural safety factor against seismic forces, which are considered the main destructive action that affected most of deficiencies and collapse in the building. This citadel is considered one of the invaluable architectural heritage in KSA, which is located in one of its most famous governorates for cultural tourism. The citadel represents with other Ottoman citadels that lies along the Hajj route; Part of Ottoman era in KSA. This building is currently bound by the authorities. Full excavation works of its site and ruins still have not been carried out. Thus, this study is considered preliminary. The assessment among reconstruction methodologies will be based on the results of structural analysis works (static and dynamic), using computer numerical modeling technique that applies Finite Element Method (FEM). Three main methodologies are studied in this paper through five case studies. Through two analysis cases the first methodology studies the reconstruction of the citadel collapsed parts using the original building materials and construction technology (the authentic cases). Case-1 assumes the use of weak wooden roof that are usually found in all heritage buildings, while case-2 use more robust wooden beams for reconstructing roofs, which support on masonry arches (more stiff roofs). The second methodology studies through case-3 the addition of reinforced concrete (RC) beams at the inner periphery of roofs (that overlooks the courtyard) and at the locations of masonry columns (across the roof and parallel to its wooden beams). The third methodology studies through case-4 and case-5 the embedding of thin precast reinforced concrete slabs inside the wooden roof (to be placed above wooden beams of each roof and under the flooring). The last cases aim to provide floor roof with a diaphragm system. This paper provides the major scheme for structural restoration and reconstruction works of Al-Faqeer citadel and reaches good conclusions and recommendations that would help to conserve and preserve similar architectural heritage structures in KSA.
Görüntüle
al-Majallah al-ʻArabīyah lil-ʻulūm al-insānīyah, 2012-04, Vol.30 (118), p.177-208
