Author
Al-Shorbagy, Muhammad
Type
Book
Language
Arabic
Digital
Yes
Manuscript
No
Library
Royal Danish Library
Library Asset ID
ISSN: 1026-9576, EISSN: 2959-9830, DOI: 10.34120/ajh.v35i139.2633
Record ID
cdi_crossref_primary_10_34120_ajh_v35i139_2633
Library Location
EBSCOhost Humanities International Complete
Notes
This research talks about the history of the Hawara tribe, which is one of the most important Moroccan tribes that came to Egypt at the beginning of the Fatimid era. The Moroccans were the mainstay of the power of the Fatimids in Egypt, and they played a role in its political events like other large tribes, but this role diminished with the control of the Lawata tribe over the Lower Egypt region, especially the lake. In the era of the Circassian Mamluks, it moved to Upper Egypt, and here its role began to reappear again. The Arab and Moroccan tribes dominated Upper Egypt, and their prince, especially the Bani Omar, bore the title of Sheikh of the Arabs as evidence of sovereignty and leadership. Part of this tribe also formed a division in the Mamluk army. As for the Hawara tribe in the era of the Circassian Mamluks, they moved to Upper Egypt and divided into two branches: Hawara al-Bahriyya, led by Banu Mazin and Banu Gharib, and Hawara al-Qibliya, led by Banu Omar. The Bani Omar branch was the strongest and dominant in Upper Egypt and its tribes, and for this reason the state approached it to be its support in controlling Upper Egypt, preserving its order, and securing the southern borders. However, this did not prevent these friendly relations between the state and the tribe from being marred by some tension from time to time, and this It is due to the nature of every authority and its ability to control this relationship. Because it is a relationship of common interests between the first and the other, and whenever it harms one of them, a dispute occurs. This research talks about the branches of the Hawara in Upper Egypt and the rule over them, and the relationship of the state with the tribe until the end of the Mamluk era and the entry of the Ottomans into Egypt, and then moves on to talk about the cultural manifestations of the Hawara tribe. It describes the appearance and appearance of the tribal sheikh and some of the customs and traditions, then the interest of the princes in economic life, such as agriculture, industry, and trade, in addition to the interest in urbanization and scientific activity. I ask God that this research be pure to His noble face and a nucleus for a more comprehensive study in the future. And God Almighty grants success. This paper studies the history of one of the most important Maghrebian tribes that moved to Egypt at the beginning of the Fatimid period. The Magherbians were the basis of strength for the Fatimids and they played a vital role in Egypt’s political events just like any of the other great tribes. However, the role they played began to wither due to the control of the Laguatan tribe over the lower province especially al-Buhayirah. Thus, during the Circassian Mamluk Period, the Magherbian tribes moved to upper Egypt. Afterwards, their role in Egypt that they had once played began to re-emerge and they took control of Arab and Maghrebian tribes in that area. The tribes’ princes, like the one from the tribe of Bani Omar, were given the title, “Sheikh,” as a sign of authority and leadership. A fraction of this tribe were part of the Mamluki army. In regards to the Houara tribe during the Circassian Mamluk period, they had moved to upper Egypt. They were divided into two groups: one was lower Houara that was headed by Bani Mazin and Bani Gharib, and the other was upper Houara that was headed by Bani Omar. The latter was the strongest of the tribes and controlled the whole of the upper region. The state depended on this part of the tribe to be its support in ruling the upper lands and to keep the southern borders secure. Nevertheless, from time to time the tribes and the state would clash due to conflicting interests. This paper illustrates the branches of the Houara tribe within upper Egypt, and the relationship between the state and the tribe until the end of the Mamluki era and the rise of the Ottomans in Egypt. Next, the paper examines the cultural aspects in the Houara tribe. It describes the appearance of the Sheikh, some of the tribe’s traditions, as well as the level of interest the princes’ had in economics in all fields such as agriculture, industry, trade, construction, and scientific activity. This paper studies the history of one of the most important Maghrebian tribes that moved to Egypt at the beginning of the Fatimid period. The Magherbians were the basis of strength for the Fatimids and they played a vital role in Egypt’s political events just like any of the other great tribes. However, the role they played began to wither due to the control of the Laguatan tribe over the lower province especially al-Buhayirah. Thus, during the Circassian Mamluk Period, the Magherbian tribes moved to upper Egypt. Afterwards, their role in Egypt that they had once played began to re-emerge and they took control of Arab and Maghrebian tribes in that area. The tribes’ princes, like the one from the tribe of Bani Omar, were given the title, “Sheikh,” as a sign of authority and leadership. A fraction of this tribe were part of the Mamluki army. In regards to the Houara tribe during the Circassian Mamluk period, they had moved to upper Egypt. They were divided into two groups: one was lower Houara that was headed by Bani Mazin and Bani Gharib, and the other was upper Houara that was headed by Bani Omar. The latter was the strongest of the tribes and controlled the whole of the upper region. The state depended on this part of the tribe to be its support in ruling the upper lands and to keep the southern borders secure. Nevertheless, from time to time the tribes and the state would clash due to conflicting interests. This paper illustrates the branches of the Houara tribe within upper Egypt, and the relationship between the state and the tribe until the end of the Mamluki era and the rise of the Ottomans in Egypt. Next, the paper examines the cultural aspects in the Houara tribe. It describes the appearance of the Sheikh, some of the tribe’s traditions, as well as the level of interest the princes’ had in economics in all fields such as agriculture, industry, trade, construction, and scientific activity.
Görüntüle
al-Majallah al-ʻArabīyah lil-ʻulūm al-insānīyah, 2017-07, Vol.35 (139), p.223-251
