نقوش كتابية فارسية على عمائر دينية بخانية (خيوة) في القرنين 12-13هـ / 18-19م دراسة في الشكل و المضمون

Name: نقوش كتابية فارسية على عمائر دينية بخانية (خيوة) في القرنين 12-13هـ / 18-19م دراسة في الشكل و المضمون
Author: سويلم, عادل, عبيد, شبل

İsim	نقوش كتابية فارسية على عمائر دينية بخانية (خيوة) في القرنين 12-13هـ / 18-19م دراسة في الشكل و المضمون
Yazar	سويلم, عادل, عبيد, شبل
Tür	Kitap
Dil	Arapça
Dijital	Evet
Yazma	Hayır
Kütüphane:	Danimarka Kraliyet Kütüphanesi
Demirbaş Numarası	ISSN: 1026-9576, EISSN: 2959-9830, DOI: 10.34120/ajh.v33i130.2485
Kayıt Numarası	cdi_crossref_primary_10_34120_ajh_v33i130_2485
Lokasyon	EBSCOhost Humanities International Complete
Notlar	يهتم هذا البحث بدراسة عدد من النقوش الكتابية الفارسية المنفذة على بعض العمائر الدينية بخانية «خيوة» بإقليم خوارزم بآسيا الوسطى، في الفترة من الربع الأول من القرن 12 هــ/ 18م حتى الربع الأخير من القرن 13هــ/ 19م، وقد نفذت تلك النقوش أعلى كتل المداخل، وبحجورها، وذلك على أرضيات من البلاطات الخزفية المعروفة في تلك المنطقة باسم "المايولكا"، أو على الرخام. وسوف نتناول تلك النقوش من خلال اتجاهين مختلفين، أحدهما: يمثل شكل الخط المنفذ به تلك النقوش، والآخر: يتناول بالدراسة والتحليل مضمون تلك النقوش. فبالنسبة إلى شكل الخط، فقد نفذت النقوش الكتابية على عمائر خانية «خيوة» بلغات عدة، تنوعت بين الفارسية والعربية والتركية العثمانية والتركية الجغتائية، كتب معظمها بخط النستعليق الفارسي، ويعد هذا التنوع في استخدام لغات إسلامية متعددة لتنفيذ النقوش الكتابية التأسيسية على العمائر، من السمات المميزة للنقوش على عمائر «خيوة»، التي ربما تكون قد تفردت بها عن سائر كبريات خانيات آسيا الوسطى. كما أن غلبة استخدام خط النستعليق يرجع إلى شيوع الثقافة الفارسية في آسيا الوسطى بعامة، تلك الثقافة التي بدأ فيها انتشار خط النستعليق مع بداية العصر الصفوي، بعد أن كانت قواعده قد استقرت على أيدي كبار الخطاطين خلال العصر التيموري في إيران وآسيا الوسطى. أما ما يتعلق بمضمون تلك النقوش، فقد اتسم بالتنوع أيضاً؛ حيث تضمن - من بين ما تضمن - عدداً من النقوش الدينية (الآيات القرآنية) والأدعية، بالإضافة إلى بعض النقوش التسجيلية، التي تضمنت العديد من أسماء الحكام والأمراء الذين حكموا «خيوة» في القرنين الثاني عشر والثالث عشر الهجريين/ الثامن عشر والتاسع عشر الميلاديين وألقابهم فضلاً عن تواريخ الإنشاء أو الفراغ من البناء التي سجلت وفقاً لحساب الجمل، وتوضح تلك المضامين مدى ارتباطها بالظروف السياسية التي كانت سائدة في منطقة آسيا الوسطى في الفترة موضوع الدراسة. The purpose of this research paper is to study Persian inscriptions carved on a collection of religious buildings located in Khania Khiwa within the Khwarazm region of Central Asia. The study focuses on the period between 12 A.H/ 18 A.D century and the last quarter of 13 A.H/ 19 A.D. The inscriptions were engraved above the entrances of the buildings as well as throughout their interior areas, on both marble and ceramic flooring known as "al-Mayolka." This paper evaluates these inscriptions by applying two different approaches. The first is an examination of the form or shape of these engravings and the second involves an analytical study of their content. In regards to matters concerning form and shape: The inscriptions were carved in various languages that include Persian, Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Ghegtaei Turkish. Most of these inscriptions were carved based on the Persian Nasta'liq script. The engravings are essentially a conglomeration of a diversity of Islamic languages and this is considered to be a special feature of inscription that distinguishes Khiwa buildings from those in other parts of Central Asia. Moreover, the Nasta'liq script was commonly used in Central Asia, especially amongst the Persian community. In fact, since the beginning of the Safavid Empire, the Persian culture became widely exposed to Nasta'liq script soon after well-practiced epigraphers in Iran and Central Asia established the rules of the script during the Timurid period. Variety is also prevalent within the content of these inscriptions. For example, a number of Quranic verses and Ahadith (Islamic sayings) are etched side by side with the names of rulers and princes who governed Khiwa during the 12-13 A.H/ 18-19 A.D centuries. The combination of these different subject matters contribute to providing a deeper understanding of the political affairs as well as the spiritual principles which Central Asia had paid much attention to during the period this study focuses on. The purpose of this research paper is to study Persian inscriptions carved on a collection of religious buildings located in Khania Khiwa within the Khwarazm region of Central Asia. The study focuses on the period between 12 A.H/ 18 A.D century and the last quarter of 13 A.H/ 19 A.D. The inscriptions were engraved above the entrances of the buildings as well as throughout their interior areas, on both marble and ceramic flooring known as "al-Mayolka." This paper evaluates these inscriptions by applying two different approaches. The first is an examination of the form or shape of these engravings and the second involves an analytical study of their content. In regards to matters concerning form and shape: The inscriptions were carved in various languages that include Persian, Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Ghegtaei Turkish. Most of these inscriptions were carved based on the Persian Nasta'liq script. The engravings are essentially a conglomeration of a diversity of Islamic languages and this is considered to be a special feature of inscription that distinguishes Khiwa buildings from those in other parts of Central Asia. Moreover, the Nasta'liq script was commonly used in Central Asia, especially amongst the Persian community. In fact, since the beginning of the Safavid Empire, the Persian culture became widely exposed to Nasta'liq script soon after well-practiced epigraphers in Iran and Central Asia established the rules of the script during the Timurid period. Variety is also prevalent within the content of these inscriptions. For example, a number of Quranic verses and Ahadith (Islamic sayings) are etched side by side with the names of rulers and princes who governed Khiwa during the 12-13 A.H/ 18-19 A.D centuries. The combination of these different subject matters contribute to providing a deeper understanding of the political affairs as well as the spiritual principles which Central Asia had paid much attention to during the period this study focuses on.
Görüntüle	al-Majallah al-ʻArabīyah lil-ʻulūm al-insānīyah, 2015-04, Vol.33 (130), p.83-122

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نقوش كتابية فارسية على عمائر دينية بخانية (خيوة) في القرنين 12-13هـ / 18-19م دراسة في الشكل و المضمون

Yazar سويلم, عادل, عبيد, شبل

Tür Kitap

Dil Arapça

Dijital Evet

Yazma Hayır

Kütüphane Danimarka Kraliyet Kütüphanesi

Demirbaş Numarası ISSN: 1026-9576, EISSN: 2959-9830, DOI: 10.34120/ajh.v33i130.2485

Kayıt Numarası cdi_crossref_primary_10_34120_ajh_v33i130_2485

Lokasyon EBSCOhost Humanities International Complete

Notlar يهتم هذا البحث بدراسة عدد من النقوش الكتابية الفارسية المنفذة على بعض العمائر الدينية بخانية «خيوة» بإقليم خوارزم بآسيا الوسطى، في الفترة من الربع الأول من القرن 12 هــ/ 18م حتى الربع الأخير من القرن 13هــ/ 19م، وقد نفذت تلك النقوش أعلى كتل المداخل، وبحجورها، وذلك على أرضيات من البلاطات الخزفية المعروفة في تلك المنطقة باسم "المايولكا"، أو على الرخام. وسوف نتناول تلك النقوش من خلال اتجاهين مختلفين، أحدهما: يمثل شكل الخط المنفذ به تلك النقوش، والآخر: يتناول بالدراسة والتحليل مضمون تلك النقوش. فبالنسبة إلى شكل الخط، فقد نفذت النقوش الكتابية على عمائر خانية «خيوة» بلغات عدة، تنوعت بين الفارسية والعربية والتركية العثمانية والتركية الجغتائية، كتب معظمها بخط النستعليق الفارسي، ويعد هذا التنوع في استخدام لغات إسلامية متعددة لتنفيذ النقوش الكتابية التأسيسية على العمائر، من السمات المميزة للنقوش على عمائر «خيوة»، التي ربما تكون قد تفردت بها عن سائر كبريات خانيات آسيا الوسطى. كما أن غلبة استخدام خط النستعليق يرجع إلى شيوع الثقافة الفارسية في آسيا الوسطى بعامة، تلك الثقافة التي بدأ فيها انتشار خط النستعليق مع بداية العصر الصفوي، بعد أن كانت قواعده قد استقرت على أيدي كبار الخطاطين خلال العصر التيموري في إيران وآسيا الوسطى. أما ما يتعلق بمضمون تلك النقوش، فقد اتسم بالتنوع أيضاً؛ حيث تضمن - من بين ما تضمن - عدداً من النقوش الدينية (الآيات القرآنية) والأدعية، بالإضافة إلى بعض النقوش التسجيلية، التي تضمنت العديد من أسماء الحكام والأمراء الذين حكموا «خيوة» في القرنين الثاني عشر والثالث عشر الهجريين/ الثامن عشر والتاسع عشر الميلاديين وألقابهم فضلاً عن تواريخ الإنشاء أو الفراغ من البناء التي سجلت وفقاً لحساب الجمل، وتوضح تلك المضامين مدى ارتباطها بالظروف السياسية التي كانت سائدة في منطقة آسيا الوسطى في الفترة موضوع الدراسة. The purpose of this research paper is to study Persian inscriptions carved on a collection of religious buildings located in Khania Khiwa within the Khwarazm region of Central Asia. The study focuses on the period between 12 A.H/ 18 A.D century and the last quarter of 13 A.H/ 19 A.D. The inscriptions were engraved above the entrances of the buildings as well as throughout their interior areas, on both marble and ceramic flooring known as "al-Mayolka." This paper evaluates these inscriptions by applying two different approaches. The first is an examination of the form or shape of these engravings and the second involves an analytical study of their content. In regards to matters concerning form and shape: The inscriptions were carved in various languages that include Persian, Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Ghegtaei Turkish. Most of these inscriptions were carved based on the Persian Nasta'liq script. The engravings are essentially a conglomeration of a diversity of Islamic languages and this is considered to be a special feature of inscription that distinguishes Khiwa buildings from those in other parts of Central Asia. Moreover, the Nasta'liq script was commonly used in Central Asia, especially amongst the Persian community. In fact, since the beginning of the Safavid Empire, the Persian culture became widely exposed to Nasta'liq script soon after well-practiced epigraphers in Iran and Central Asia established the rules of the script during the Timurid period. Variety is also prevalent within the content of these inscriptions. For example, a number of Quranic verses and Ahadith (Islamic sayings) are etched side by side with the names of rulers and princes who governed Khiwa during the 12-13 A.H/ 18-19 A.D centuries. The combination of these different subject matters contribute to providing a deeper understanding of the political affairs as well as the spiritual principles which Central Asia had paid much attention to during the period this study focuses on. The purpose of this research paper is to study Persian inscriptions carved on a collection of religious buildings located in Khania Khiwa within the Khwarazm region of Central Asia. The study focuses on the period between 12 A.H/ 18 A.D century and the last quarter of 13 A.H/ 19 A.D. The inscriptions were engraved above the entrances of the buildings as well as throughout their interior areas, on both marble and ceramic flooring known as "al-Mayolka." This paper evaluates these inscriptions by applying two different approaches. The first is an examination of the form or shape of these engravings and the second involves an analytical study of their content. In regards to matters concerning form and shape: The inscriptions were carved in various languages that include Persian, Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Ghegtaei Turkish. Most of these inscriptions were carved based on the Persian Nasta'liq script. The engravings are essentially a conglomeration of a diversity of Islamic languages and this is considered to be a special feature of inscription that distinguishes Khiwa buildings from those in other parts of Central Asia. Moreover, the Nasta'liq script was commonly used in Central Asia, especially amongst the Persian community. In fact, since the beginning of the Safavid Empire, the Persian culture became widely exposed to Nasta'liq script soon after well-practiced epigraphers in Iran and Central Asia established the rules of the script during the Timurid period. Variety is also prevalent within the content of these inscriptions. For example, a number of Quranic verses and Ahadith (Islamic sayings) are etched side by side with the names of rulers and princes who governed Khiwa during the 12-13 A.H/ 18-19 A.D centuries. The combination of these different subject matters contribute to providing a deeper understanding of the political affairs as well as the spiritual principles which Central Asia had paid much attention to during the period this study focuses on.

Görüntüle al-Majallah al-ʻArabīyah lil-ʻulūm al-insānīyah, 2015-04, Vol.33 (130), p.83-122