نویسنده
Unknown
محل انتشار
Iran (made) -
موضوع
Ceramics
نوع
دیگر
زبان
نامشخص
دیجیتال
بله
نسخه خطی
خیر
ابعاد فیزیکی
Height: 11.1cm, Diameter: 12.8cm
کتابخانه
Victoria and Albert Museum
شناسه دارایی کتابخانه
561-1889
شماره ثبت
561-1889
محل کتابخانه
Middle East Section
یادداشتها
The decoration on this small pot is a combination of dense lustre over clear and cobalt blue glazes. This is a feature of many lustre wares produced in Iran during the period 1650-1700. Around 1650, a group of Iranian potters revived the technique of lustre decoration. First the potter made a glazed vessel or tile with little or no decoration in the normal way. When the piece had cooled, the potter painted a design over the glaze in metallic compounds. The pot or tile was then fired again, this time with a restricted supply of oxygen. In these conditions, the metallic compounds broke down, and a thin deposit of copper or silver was left on the surface of the glaze. When polished, this surface layer reflected the light. This technique had not been used on any scale in Iran for three centuries. We do not know how the technique was revived, or where the potters produced their distinctive wares.
Tarihsel bağlam
The designs of Safavid lustre owe nothing to the Chinese, but are purely Iranian. Their source is not precisely identifiable, the motifs are a mixture of the sort of decoration found in contemporary manuscript illumination, see Pope (1939; pls 892-93, 896-98. 974-75 etc.) and designs developed specifically for ceramics, such as the arabesques and floral designs found on slip-painted wares (cat. U.25.U26). The relationship ends there though. The range of shapes, the materials and details of making indicate that it is a separate production.
Malzemeler ve teknikler
Fritware, underglaze and lustre decoration
Fiziksel açıklama
Spittoon in cobalt blue with ruby lustre and white interior glaze. The bowl is divided into two distinct parts, with the upper part being narrower and defined by a narrow lustre rim around both at the top and at the base of the short neck. The decoration on the outside is a loose floral pattern and similar on the inside of the neck. In ceramic production, compounds of copper and silver were used to create the shiny, metallic decoration known as lustre. It was a two-stage process. In the first stage, the glazed pot was produced in the normal way by firing in a kiln. In the second, a design was painted over the glaze using the metallic compounds, and the pot was refired at a lower temperature in a kiln with a restricted supply of oxygen. During this second firing, the heat converted the metallic compounds into oxides, and the carbon monoxide produced by the fire then drew the oxygen out of the oxides, leaving the metal as a thin deposit on the vessel. The result was a surface with an attractive golden glow. Both these forms of decoration - blue-and-white and lustre - were to have a very long history, and they are both still in use today.
Üslup
Safavid
